The role of the cytoskeleton in hormone action.
The role of the cytoskeleton in hormone action.
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细胞骨架在激素作用中的作用。
DOI：
10.1139/o84-087
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发表时间：
1984
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Hall,PF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hall,PF
本文简要介绍了微丝和微管的结构和功能。基于不同实验方法的各种细胞的证据，提出了细胞骨架在细胞功能中的重要作用如下：细胞骨架似乎参与附着(与其他细胞和细胞培养中使用的底物)和运动；细胞骨架似乎参与细胞表面和内部之间的复杂关系。这是一种双向关系，在这种关系中，细胞使用细胞骨架来影响蛋白质在质膜内的分布，并可能作为中间人将信息从细胞表面传递到内部。在细胞内，细胞骨架似乎协调细胞内的活动(例如，在细胞核和细胞质之间)，并提供限制细胞内结构(从分子到细胞器)运动的分隔，从而促进这种结构之间的有效接触，其效率被认为超过了随机运动。细胞骨架可以在空间中安排细胞的各种成分；它可以引导细胞内的交通，促进细胞内的运动。这张细胞骨架活动的宽松图景可能比现有的数据更有说服力。它应该被视为基于信息片段的知情推断。当将这些想法应用于内分泌功能时，我们可以看到，荷尔蒙的分泌(例如甲状腺激素和胰岛素)需要细胞骨架活动来提供方向，或许还可以促进运动。在类固醇生成细胞中，胆固醇从细胞质到线粒体的移动需要微丝。抗利尿激素需要微丝和微管来促进水在细胞中的运输，以响应渗透梯度。微丝调节细胞的顺应性，为水提供通道，而微管影响细胞膜对水的通透性。
The structure and functions of microfilaments and microtubules is briefly reviewed. Based on evidence from a variety of cells with various experimental approaches, it is proposed that the cytoskeleton is important in the functions of cells as follows: the cytoskeleton appears to be involved in attachment (to other cells and to substrata used in cell culture) and in movement; the cytoskeleton appears to be involved in the complex relationship between the surface and the interior of the cell. This is a two-way relationship in which the cell uses the cytoskeleton to influence the distribution of proteins within the plasma membrane and perhaps as a go-between to transmit information from the surface of the cell to the interior. Within the cell, the cytoskeleton appears to coordinate intracellular activities (e.g., between nucleus and cytoplasm) and to provide a compartmentation which restricts the movements of intracellular structures (from molecules to organelles), thereby facilitating productive encounters between such structures with an efficiency that is presumed to exceed that of random motion. The cytoskeleton may arrange the various components of the cell in space; it may direct intracellular traffic and promote intracellular movement. This loose picture of cytoskeletal activity may be more emphatic than the available data warrant. It should be regarded as informed extrapolation based upon fragments of information. When these ideas are applied to endocrine function, we can see that the secretion of hormones (exemplified by thyroid hormones and insulin) requires cytoskeletal activity to provide direction and perhaps to promote movement. In steroidogenic cells the movement of cholesterol from cytoplasm to mitochondria requires microfilaments. The antidiuretic hormone requires microfilaments and microtubules to promote transport of water through cells in response to osmotic gradients. Microfilaments adjust the compliance of the cell to provide a path for water and microtubules influence the permeability of the cell membrane to water.