Impact of trimethoprim on the river microbiome and antimicrobial resistance-猫眼课题宝

DOI：

10.1101/2020.06.05.133348

发表时间：

2020-06

期刊：

bioRxiv

影响因子：

通讯作者：

中科院分区：

其他

文献类型：

作者：

J. Delaney;S. Raguideau;J. Holden;L. Zhang;H. Tipper;G.L. Hill;U. Klümper;T. Zhang;C. Cha;K. Lee;R. James;E. Travis;M. Bowes;P. Hawkey;H. Lindstrom;C. Tang;W. Gaze;A. Mead;C. Quince;A. Singer;E. Wellington

最近的证据表明，人类活动可以增加环境中的抗菌素耐药性(AMR)水平。河流和水道是环境环境的重要例子，它们已经成为抗生素和抗生素耐药性基因(ARGs)的储存库。我们最近的研究量化了在泰晤士河流域一系列地点采集的淡水样本中的药物浓度；抗生素和其他药物的最高水平记录在废水处理厂(WWTP)的下游。一种特殊的抗生素：甲氧苄氨嘧啶(TMP)在特定部位的浓度高达2000 ng/L。我们还显示了TMP残留与磺胺类抗生素耐药基因(如sul1)的流行之间的相关性。尽管如此，仍然没有证据表明TMP浓度与河流现场ARGs的流行之间存在因果关系。目前这项研究的目的是利用大型元基因组、地理空间和化学数据集进行深入分析，以便对泰晤士河流域TMP水平最高和最低的地点进行比较。我们的目标是确定这些地点与污水处理厂的距离、人口等值和土地覆盖率。第二个目的是调查TMP和ARG的季节性变化。探索这些因素将有助于破译ARG在河流部位堆积的临床相关性。河流站点的TMP水平与它们从污水处理厂下游的距离之间显示出显著的相关性。位于Rivers Cut和Ray上的三个地点冬季的TMP浓度明显高于夏季。TMP水平最高的站点的种群当量(PE)显著高于TMP水平最低的站点。与TMP浓度最低的站点相比，TMP水平最高的站点的土地覆盖率明显更高，城市/郊区的土地覆盖率更高，后者的耕地面积明显更大。在泰晤士河流域发现了五个与TMP和磺胺类药物相关的ARG。最常见的ARG是Sul1，与夏季相比，冬季的ARG明显更常见。相比之下，科恩河上的一个地点发现，与冬季相比，夏季的Sul2更常见。1类整合子标记基因(Inti1)的流行率在不同季节或TMP水平最高/最低的地点之间没有显著差异。

Recent evidence suggests that anthropogenic activity can increase the levels of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in the environment. Rivers and waterways are significant examples of environmental settings that have become repositories of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Our recent study quantified drug concentrations in freshwater samples taken at a range of sites located on the Thames catchment; the highest levels of antibiotics and other drugs were recorded downstream of waste water treatment plants (WWTPs). One specific antibiotic: Trimethoprim (TMP) was shown at elevated concentrations reaching 2000ng/L at particular sites. We have also shown a correlative relationship between the residue of TMP and the prevalence of sulfonamide antibiotic resistance genes such as sul1. Despite this, there is still no evidence of a causative relationship between TMP concentrations and the prevalence of the ARGs at river sites. The aim of the current study was to conduct in-depth analysis using a combination of large metagenomic, geospatial and chemical datasets, in order to conduct a comparison between those sites with the highest TMP and lowest TMP levels across the Thames catchment. We aimed to establish the proximity of these sites to WWTPs, their population equivalence (PE) and land coverage. A secondary aim was to investigate seasonal variation in TMP and ARGs. Exploring these factors will help to decipher the clinical relevance of ARG accumulation at river sites. A significant correlation was shown between TMP levels at river sites and their distance downstream from a WWTP. Three sites located on the Rivers Cut and Ray showed significantly higher TMP concentrations in winter compared to summer. The population equivalence (PE) for sites with the highest TMP levels was significantly higher than those with the lowest levels. The land coverage of sites with the highest TMP levels was significantly more urban/suburban than sites with the lowest TMP concentrations, which were found to be significantly more arable. Five ARGs relevant to TMP and sulfonamides were identified across the Thames catchment. The most prevalent ARG was sul1, which was significantly more prevalent in winter compared to summer. By contrast sul2 was found to be significantly more prevalent in summer compared to winter at a site on the River Coln. The prevalence of the class 1 integron marker gene (inti1) did not differ significantly by season or between sites with the highest/lowest TMP levels.

Impact of trimethoprim on the river microbiome and antimicrobial resistance

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