Child maltreatment and insecure attachment: a meta-analysis
Child maltreatment and insecure attachment: a meta-analysis
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DOI：
10.1080/02646830600821231
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发表时间：
2006-08-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Martinez, Colleen Daly
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Baer, Judith C.;Martinez, Colleen Daly
不安全/无组织依恋模式的有效性已经在80多个研究中得到了明确的确立，这些研究涉及100多个样本。然而，鉴于儿童虐待被认为是不安全/无组织依恋的最重要原因之一，值得注意的是，很少有研究专门针对虐待/不安全依恋假说发表。本文的目的是回顾研究结果，并进行荟萃分析，以检验虐待和不安全依恋的效应大小。第二个目标是进行亚群体分析，以调查虐待类型的效应大小。在对25篇文章进行文献检索后，我们确定了8项研究（n = 791）：(a)由经历过不同类型虐待的儿童组成，包括营养不良和无法茁壮成长的案例，(b)由48个月以下的儿童组成，(c)使用奇怪的情况或对其进行修改来衡量依恋，(d)有比较组，(e)包含足够的细节来进行荟萃分析。结果显示，受虐待的婴儿明显比对照组更有可能产生不安全的依恋。按虐待类型进行了亚群体分析。总的来说，研究结果支持虐待/不安全依恋假说。亚群分析虽然很小，但表明不同类型的虐待会影响影响的程度。这些发现建议进一步调查不同类型或多种类型的虐待以及事件频率对结果的不同影响。
The validity of the insecure/disorganized attachment pattern has been clearly established in over 80 studies with more than 100 samples. However, given that child maltreatment is considered one of the most important causes of insecure/disorganized attachment, it is notable that few studies have been published specifically examining the maltreatment/insecure attachment hypothesis. The purpose of this paper was to review the research findings and conduct a meta-analysis to examine the effect size of maltreatment and insecure attachment across studies. A second goal was to conduct a subpopulation analysis to investigate effect size by type of maltreatment. Following a literature search which yielded 25 articles, we identified eight studies (n = 791) that: (a) consisted of children who experienced different types of maltreatment including cases of malnutrition and failure-to-thrive, (b) consisted of children under 48 months of age, (c) used the Strange Situation or a modification of it to measure attachment, (d) had comparison groups, and (e) contained sufficient detail to conduct a meta-analysis. Results showed that the maltreated infants were significantly more likely to have an insecure attachment than the controls. A subpopulation analysis by type of abuse was conducted. Overall the findings support the maltreatment/insecure attachment hypothesis. The subpopulation analysis, although extremely small, indicates that different types of maltreatment affect the magnitude of the effect. These findings suggest further investigation into the differential impact by type or multiple types of maltreatment as well as the frequency of events on outcomes.