Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and human health outcomes
Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and human health outcomes
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DOI：
10.1002/biof.42
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发表时间：
2009-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6
通讯作者：
Yaqoob, Parveen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Calder, Philip C.;Yaqoob, Parveen
目前，生活在西方国家的大多数人的极长链ω-3脂肪酸、二十碳五烯酸（EPA）和二十二碳六烯酸（DNA）的摄入量很低。这些脂肪酸的一个很好的天然来源是海鲜，特别是油性鱼类。鱼油胶囊也含有这些脂肪酸。非常长链的w-3脂肪酸很容易从胶囊中掺入运输、功能和储存池中。这种掺入具有剂量依赖性，并遵循每个样本池特有的动力学模式。在足够的掺入水平下，EPA和DHA影响许多不同细胞类型中细胞膜的物理性质和膜蛋白介导的反应、类花生酸生成、细胞信号传导和基因表达。通过这些机制，EPA和DHA影响细胞和组织的生理学，以及细胞和组织对外部信号的反应方式。在大多数情况下，观察到的效果与疾病生物标志物特征或健康相关结果的改善相一致。因此，非常长链的ω-3脂肪酸在实现最佳健康和预防疾病方面发挥着作用。长链ω-3脂肪酸可预防心血管疾病的发病率和死亡率，并可能有益于类风湿性关节炎、炎症性肠病、儿童学习和行为以及成人精神病和神经退行性疾病。DHA在眼睛和大脑中具有重要的结构作用，其在生命早期的供应是至关重要的。基于公认的长链欧米茄-3脂肪酸带来的健康改善，已建议增加其摄入量。(C)2009年国际生物化学与分子生物学联合会第35卷，第3期，2009年5月/6月，第266-272页。电子邮件地址：pcc@soton.ac.uk
Current intakes of very long chain omega-3 fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DNA) are low in most individuals living in Western countries. A good natural source of these fatty acids is seafood, especially oily fish. Fish oil capsules contain these fatty acids too. Very long chain w-3 fatty acids are readily incorporated from capsules into transport, functional, and storage pools. This incorporation is dose-dependent and follows a kinetic pattern that is characteristic for each pool. At sufficient levels of incorporation, EPA and DHA influence the physical nature of cell membranes and membrane protein-mediated responses, eicosanoid generation, cell signaling and gene expression in many different cell types. Through these mechanisms, EPA and DHA influence cell and tissue physiology, and the way cells and tissues respond to external signals. In most cases, the effects seen are compatible with improvements in disease biomarker profiles or in health-related outcomes. As a result, very long chain omega-3 fatty acids play a role in achieving optimal health and in protection against disease. Long chain omega-3 fatty acids protect against cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, and might be beneficial in rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel diseases, childhood learning, and behavior, and adult psychiatric and neurodegenerative illnesses. DHA has an important structural role in the eye and brain, and its supply early in life is known to be of vital importance. On the basis of the recognized health improvements brought about by long chain omega-3 fatty acids, recommendations have been made to increase their intake. (C) 2009 International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc. Volume 35, Number 3, May/June 2009, Pages 266-272. E-mail: pcc@soton.ac.uk