The species Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus: classifying 2019-nCoV and naming it SARS-CoV-2
The species Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus: classifying 2019-nCoV and naming it SARS-CoV-2
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DOI：
10.1038/s41564-020-0695-z
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发表时间：
2020-04-01
影响因子：
28.3
通讯作者：
Ziebuhr, John
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gorbalenya, Alexander E.;Baker, Susan C.;Ziebuhr, John
目前爆发的冠状病毒相关的急性呼吸道疾病称为冠状病毒病19（COVID-19），这是仅二十年来第三次有记录的动物冠状病毒向人类蔓延，导致重大流行病。国际病毒分类学委员会的冠状病毒科研究小组（CSG）负责开发冠状病毒科的病毒分类和分类命名法，该小组评估了人类病原体（暂命名为2019-nCoV）在冠状病毒科中的位置。根据系统发生学、分类学和既定实践，CSG将该病毒识别为与严重急性呼吸综合征相关冠状病毒物种的原型人类和蝙蝠严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒（SARS-CoV）形成姐妹进化枝，并将其命名为SARS-CoV-2。为了便于沟通，CSG建议对单个分离株使用以下命名约定：SARS-CoV-2/host/location/isolate/date。虽然与人类SARS-CoV-2感染相关的全部临床表现仍有待确定，但SARS-CoV和SARS-CoV-2的独立人畜共患传播突出表明，需要在物种水平上研究病毒，以补充专注于具有直接意义的单个致病病毒的研究。这将提高我们对不断变化的环境中病毒与宿主相互作用的理解，并加强我们对未来疫情的准备。
The present outbreak of a coronavirus-associated acute respiratory disease called coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) is the third documented spillover of an animal coronavirus to humans in only two decades that has resulted in a major epidemic. The Coronaviridae Study Group (CSG) of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses, which is responsible for developing the classification of viruses and taxon nomenclature of the family Coronaviridae, has assessed the placement of the human pathogen, tentatively named 2019-nCoV, within the Coronaviridae. Based on phylogeny, taxonomy and established practice, the CSG recognizes this virus as forming a sister clade to the prototype human and bat severe acute respiratory syndrome coronaviruses (SARS-CoVs) of the species Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus, and designates it as SARS-CoV-2. In order to facilitate communication, the CSG proposes to use the following naming convention for individual isolates: SARS-CoV-2/host/location/isolate/date. While the full spectrum of clinical manifestations associated with SARS-CoV-2 infections in humans remains to be determined, the independent zoonotic transmission of SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 highlights the need for studying viruses at the species level to complement research focused on individual pathogenic viruses of immediate significance. This will improve our understanding of virus-host interactions in an ever-changing environment and enhance our preparedness for future outbreaks.