Mutations in DNMT1 cause hereditary sensory neuropathy with dementia and hearing loss.

Mutations in DNMT1 cause hereditary sensory neuropathy with dementia and hearing loss.
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DOI:
10.1038/ng.830
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发表时间:
2011-06
期刊:
影响因子:
30.8
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
生物学1区
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DNA甲基转移酶1(DNMT 1)对于维持甲基化、基因调控和染色质稳定性至关重要。DNA甲基化影响DNA错配修复、有丝分裂后神经元细胞周期调控和神经发生。在这里,我们发现DNMT 1突变导致中枢和外周神经退行性变,表现为一种遗传性感觉和自主神经病变(HSAN 1),伴有痴呆和听力损失。外显子组测序导致在两个美国人和一个日本人中鉴定出DNMT 1突变c.A1484G(p.Tyr495Cys),在一个欧洲人中鉴定出三核苷酸改变c.1470TCC-1472 ATA(p. Asp 490 Glu-Pro491 Tyr)。所有突变都在DNMT 1的靶向序列(TS)结构域内。这些突变导致突变蛋白的过早降解、甲基转移酶活性降低和G2细胞周期期异染色质结合受损,导致整体低甲基化和位点特异性高甲基化。我们的研究表明,DNMT 1突变导致异常甲基化,涉及复杂的发病机制。发现的DNMT 1突变为神经退行性疾病的研究提供了新的框架。
DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) is crucial for maintenance of methylation, gene regulation and chromatin stability. DNA mismatch repair, cell cycle regulation in post-mitotic neurons and neurogenesis are influenced by DNA methylation. Here we show mutations in DNMT1 cause both central and peripheral neurodegeneration in one form of hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy (HSAN1) with dementia and hearing loss. Exome sequencing led to the identification of DNMT1 mutation c.A1484G (p.Tyr495Cys) in two American and one Japanese kindreds and a triple nucleotide change c.1470TCC-1472ATA (p.Asp490Glu-Pro491Tyr) in one European kindred. All mutations are within the targeting sequence (TS) domain of DNMT1. These mutations cause premature degradation of mutant proteins, reduced methyltransferase activity and impaired heterochromatin binding during the G2 cell cycle phase, leading to global hypomethylation and site specific hypermethylation. Our study demonstrates DNMT1 mutations cause aberrant methylation implicated in complex pathogenesis. The discovered DNMT1 mutations provide a new framework for the study of neurodegenerative diseases.
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