Relationship Between Noncoding RNA Dysregulation and Epigenetic Mechanisms in Cancer.
Relationship Between Noncoding RNA Dysregulation and Epigenetic Mechanisms in Cancer.
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DOI：
10.1007/978-981-10-1498-7_4
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Hiromu Suzuki;R. Maruyama;Eiichiro Yamamoto;T. Niinuma;M. Kai
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文献类型：
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作者：
Hiromu Suzuki;R. Maruyama;Eiichiro Yamamoto;T. Niinuma;M. Kai
表观遗传学改变，包括异常DNA甲基化和组蛋白修饰，在肿瘤相关基因的失调中起关键作用，从而影响许多细胞过程，包括细胞增殖、细胞粘附、凋亡和转移。近年来的研究表明，长短非编码RNA（ncRNA）在肿瘤的发生和发展中起着关键作用，表观遗传机制与其调控异常密切相关。事实上，越来越多的微小RNA（miRNA）基因在癌症中异常甲基化，表明大量的miRNA作为肿瘤抑制因子或致癌基因。此外，新出现的证据表明，长ncRNA（lncRNA）的失调在肿瘤发生中起着关键作用。由于ncRNA通过与表观遗传修饰剂相互作用参与调节基因表达，因此它们的失调似乎与癌症中的表观遗传改变有因果关系。剖析ncRNA和表观遗传学改变之间的相互关系有可能揭示癌症诊断和治疗的新方法。
Epigenetic alterations, including aberrant DNA methylation and histone modification, play key roles in the dysregulation of tumor-related genes, thereby affecting numerous cellular processes, including cell proliferation, cell adhesion, apoptosis, and metastasis. In recent years, studies have demonstrated that short and long noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are key players in the initiation and progression of cancer, and epigenetic mechanisms are deeply involved in their dysregulation. Indeed, the growing list of microRNA (miRNA) genes aberrantly methylated in cancer suggests that a large number of miRNAs act as tumor suppressors or oncogenes. In addition, emerging evidence suggests that dysregulation of long ncRNAs (lncRNAs) plays critical roles in tumorigenesis. And because ncRNAs are involved in regulating gene expression through interaction with epigenetic modifiers, their dysregulation appears causally related to epigenetic alterations in cancer. Dissection of the interrelationships between ncRNAs and epigenetic alterations has the potential to reveal novel approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of cancer.