Numerical study of cell performance and local transport phenomena in PEM fuel cells with various flow channel area ratios
Numerical study of cell performance and local transport phenomena in PEM fuel cells with various flow channel area ratios
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不同流道面积比的质子交换膜燃料电池的电池性能和局域传输现象的数值研究
DOI：
10.1016/j.jpowsour.2007.07.026
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发表时间：
2007-10
影响因子：
9.2
通讯作者：
Duan, Yuan-Yuan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wang, Xiao-Dong;Yan, Wei-Mon;Duan, Yuan-Yuan
建立了平行流道和叉指流道质子交换膜燃料电池（PEMFC）的三维模型，考虑了液态水的形成对反应气体输运的影响。利用该模型研究了流道面积比和阴极流量对电池性能和局部输运特性的影响。结果表明，在高工作电压下，电池性能与流道设计和工作参数无关，而在低工作电压下，两者都显著影响电池性能。对于平行流路设计，随着流路面积比增加，电池性能提高，因为燃料主要通过扩散被输送到扩散层和催化剂层中。较大的流动通道面积比增加了燃料和扩散层之间的接触面积，这允许更多的燃料直接扩散到多孔层中以参与电化学反应，这提高了反应速率。对于叉指型流道设计，挡板迫使更多的燃料进入电池并参与电化学反应，因此流道面积比的影响较小。强制对流不仅增加了燃料的传输速率，而且还增强了液态水的去除，因此叉指型流道设计比平行流道设计具有更高的性能。交叉流动通道设计的最佳性能出现在流动通道面积比为0.4时。随着阴极流速的增加，电池性能也得到改善。根据电池内的局部电流密度、氧气流量和液态水浓度，分析了流道面积比和阴极流量对电池性能的影响。
Three-dimensional models of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) with parallel and interdigitated flow channel designs were developed including the effects of liquid water formation on the reactant gas transport. The models were used to investigate the effects of the flow channel area ratio and the cathode flow rate on the cell performance and local transport characteristics. The results reveal that at high operating voltages, the cell performance is independent of the flow channel designs and operating parameters, while at low operating voltages, both significantly affect cell performance. For the parallel flow channel design, as the flow channel area ratio increases the cell performance improves because fuel is transported into the diffusion layer and the catalyst layer mainly by diffusion. A larger flow channel area ratio increases the contact area between the fuel and the diffusion layer, which allows more fuel to directly diffuse into the porous layers to participate in the electrochemical reaction which enhances the reaction rates. For the interdigitated flow channel design, the baffle forces more fuel to enter the cell and participate in the electrochemical reaction, so the flow channel area ratio has less effect. Forced convection not only increases the fuel transport rates but also enhances the liquid water removal, thus interdigitated flow channel design has higher performance than the parallel flow channel design. The optimal performance for the interdigitated flow channel design occurs for a flow channel area ratio of 0.4. The cell performance also improves as the cathode flow rate increases. The effects of the flow channel area ratio and the cathode flow rate on cell performance are analyzed based on the local current densities, oxygen flow rates and liquid water concentrations inside the cell.
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