Organic matter transport in New York City drinking-water-supply watersheds
Organic matter transport in New York City drinking-water-supply watersheds
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纽约市饮用水供应流域的有机物输送
DOI：
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发表时间：
2006
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Jackson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
L. Kaplan;J. Newbold;D. J. Horn;C. Dow;A. Aufdenkampe;J. Jackson
摘要 提供饮用水的溪流中的有机物 (OM) 是供水系统中细菌再生的潜在能源，也是消毒副产物的前体。在纽约州哈德逊河东部和西部供水区（EOH 或 WOH）均匀分配的 60 条溪流中，在 3 年时间内测量了 OM 基流浓度。生成了 2 个区域的 OM 浓度基线，土地利用/覆盖变量与这些基线浓度相关。溶解有机碳（DOC）、可生物降解DOC（BDOC）和颗粒物OM（POM）反映了土地利用和点源排放的区域差异。 WOH 中这些变量和总有机碳 (TOC) 的三年平均浓度显着低于 EOH 1.5 至 2.3 倍。 POM 的尺寸分级显示，> 70% 的颗粒处于 0.5 至 10 μm 尺寸等级的区域之间存在相似性。 DOC 占这两个地区 TOC 的大部分，DOC:POC 比率范围为 1.7 至 54.4。逐步多元线性回归显示，农业和林地利用解释了 WOH 中 OM 浓度的大部分变化，而湿地和主要与废水处理厂相关的点源排放解释了 EOH 中 OM 浓度的大部分变化。尽管 OM 对饮用水质量存在潜在问题，但 OM 是河流生态系统的天然且重要的组成部分，因此从流域中完全消除 OM 既不可取也不可能。我们的数据来自 WOH 地区林地利用比例高 (>97%) 的流域以及 EOH 中没有点源排放的中小型流域，为 OM 浓度提供了较低的限值和最佳管理实践的目标。
Abstract Organic matter (OM) in streams that provide drinking water is a potential energy source for bacterial regrowth in distribution systems and a precursor for disinfection byproducts. Baseflow concentrations of OM were measured over a 3-y period in 60 streams divided evenly between water-supply regions east and west of the Hudson River (EOH or WOH) in New York State. A baseline of OM concentrations in the 2 regions was generated, and land use/cover variables were related to those baseline concentrations. Dissolved organic C (DOC), biodegradable DOC (BDOC), and particulate OM (POM) reflected regional differences in land use and point-source discharges. Three-year mean concentrations for these variables and for total organic C (TOC) were significantly lower in the WOH than in the EOH by factors of 1.5 to 2.3. Size fractionation of POM showed similarities between regions with >70% of particles in the 0.5- to 10-μm size class. DOC made up most of the TOC in both regions, and DOC:POC ratios ranged from 1.7 to 54.4. Stepwise multiple linear regressions revealed that agriculture and forest land uses explained most of the variation in OM concentrations in the WOH, whereas wetlands and point-source discharges, primarily associated with wastewater treatment plants, explained most of the variation in OM concentrations in the EOH. Despite the potential problems from OM for drinking water quality, OM is a natural and important component of stream ecosystems, so its total elimination from watersheds is neither advisable nor possible. Our data from watersheds in the WOH region with high percentages (>97%) of forested land use and from small to mid-sized watersheds in the EOH with no point-source discharges provide lower limits for OM concentrations and targets for best management practices.