The role of non-coding RNAs in extracellular vesicles in breast cancer and their diagnostic implications.
The role of non-coding RNAs in extracellular vesicles in breast cancer and their diagnostic implications.
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DOI：
10.1038/s41388-023-02827-y
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发表时间：
2023-10
期刊：
影响因子：
8
通讯作者：
Giamas, Georgios
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Samuels, Mark;Jones, William;Towler, Benjamin;Turner, Charlotte;Robinson, Stephen;Giamas, Georgios
乳腺癌（BC）是全球最常见的癌症，占女性癌症的25%。虽然治疗在早期BC中是有效的并且通常是治愈性的，但转移性疾病是不可治愈的，这突出了早期检测的必要性。目前，早期检测依赖于侵入性程序，然而最近的研究表明，从液体活检中获得的细胞外囊泡（EV）可能具有临床实用性。EV在整个身体中运输各种生物活性货物，在细胞间通讯中发挥重要作用，重要的是，反映它们的起源细胞。在癌细胞中，EV改变肿瘤微环境（TME）的行为，在癌细胞和非癌细胞之间形成沟通的桥梁，以改变癌症进展的所有方面，包括转移前生态位的形成。通过基因调控框架，非编码RNA（ncRNA）调节重要的分子和细胞过程，并且可以在各种癌症类型中充当肿瘤抑制因子和致癌驱动因子。EV运输和保护ncRNA，促进其在临床上用作早期BC检测的液体活检。这篇综述总结了目前围绕BC内的ncRNA和EV的研究，重点是它们通过与微环境的双向通信在癌症进展中的作用及其诊断意义。EV ncRNA在乳腺癌中的作用不同EV ncRNA参与乳腺癌的肿瘤发生过程的代表。促肿瘤发生ncRNA以绿色显示，抑制致癌过程的ncRNA以红色显示。
Breast Cancer (BC) is the most common form of cancer worldwide, responsible for 25% of cancers in women. Whilst treatment is effective and often curative in early BC, metastatic disease is incurable, highlighting the need for early detection. Currently, early detection relies on invasive procedures, however recent studies have shown extracellular vesicles (EVs) obtained from liquid biopsies may have clinical utility. EVs transport diverse bioactive cargos throughout the body, play major roles in intercellular communication and, importantly, mirror their cell of origin. In cancer cells, EVs alter the behaviour of the tumour microenvironment (TME), forming a bridge of communication between cancerous and non-cancerous cells to alter all aspects of cancer progression, including the formation of a pre-metastatic niche. Through gene regulatory frameworks, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) modulate vital molecular and cellular processes and can act as both tumour suppressors and oncogenic drivers in various cancer types. EVs transport and protect ncRNAs, facilitating their use clinically as liquid biopsies for early BC detection. This review summarises current research surrounding ncRNAs and EVs within BC, focusing on their roles in cancer progression through bi-directional communication with the microenvironment and their diagnostic implications. The role of EV ncRNAs in breast cancer. A representation of the different EV ncRNAs involved in tumourigenic processes in breast cancer. Pro-tumourigenic ncRNAs displayed in green and ncRNAs which inhibit oncogenic processes are shown in red.
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