The face-inversion effect as a deficit in the encoding of configural information: Direct evidence
The face-inversion effect as a deficit in the encoding of configural information: Direct evidence
复制标题
DOI：
10.1068/p3012
复制
发表时间：
2000-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Symons, LA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Freire, A;Lee, K;Symons, LA
我们报告了四个实验，得出以下结论：（i）面孔反转效应主要是由于对来自反转面孔的图形信息的加工缺陷;（ii）这种效应主要发生在面孔加工的编码阶段，而不是在存储阶段。在实验一中，参与者辨别直立的脸主要是不同的配置与81%的准确率。参与者看到同样的面孔颠倒，得分只有55%。在实验2中，对主要特征信息不同的面孔的相应辨别率为91%（直立）和90%（倒置）。在实验3和4中，相同的面孔被用于记忆范式。在实验3中，延迟匹配到样本的任务，其中直立脸对不同的配置或功能。在实验1和实验2中，识别率与相应的直立面孔的识别率相当。然而，延迟（1 s、5 a或10 s）没有影响。在实验4中，我们重复了实验3，这次使用的是倒置的面孔。结果与实验1和2中倒置条件的结果相当，并且同样没有延迟的影响。总之，这些结果表明，对面部信息的“编码瓶颈”可能是造成面部倒置效应的原因，而对面部的记忆则是普遍的。
We report four experiments leading to conclusions that: (i) the face-inversion effect is mainly due to the deficits in processing of configural information from inverted faces; and (ii) this effect occurs primarily at the encoding stage of face processing, rather than at the storage stage. In experiment i, participants discriminated upright faces differing primarily in configuration with 81% accuracy. Participants viewing the same faces presented upside down scored only 55%. In experiment 2, the corresponding discrimination rates for faces differing mainly in featural information were 91% (upright) and 90% (inverted). In experiments 3 and 4, the same faces were used in a memory paradigm. In experiment 3, a delayed matching-to-sample task was used, in which upright-face pairs differed either in configuration or features. Recognition rates were comparable to those for the corresponding upright faces in the discrimination tasks in experiments 1 and 2. However, there was no effect of delay (1 s, 5 a, or 10 s). In experiment 4, we repeated experiment 3, this time with inverted faces. Results were comparable to those of inverted conditions in experiments 1 and 2, and again there was no effect of delay. Together these results suggest that an 'encoding bottleneck' for configural information may be responsible for the face-inversion effect in particular, and memory for faces in general.