Neuronal nicotinic receptors in non-neuronal cells: new mediators of tobacco toxicity?
Neuronal nicotinic receptors in non-neuronal cells: new mediators of tobacco toxicity?
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DOI：
10.1016/s0014-2999(00)00036-4
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发表时间：
2000-03-30
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Maus, ADJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Conti-Fine, BM;Navaneetham, D;Maus, ADJ
烟碱型乙酰胆碱受体是典型的离子亲和型受体，介导快速突触传递。然而，不可兴奋的细胞，特别是排列在身体内外表面的皮层细胞，也表达对尼古丁敏感的神经元型乙酰胆碱受体。与交感神经节类似，支气管上皮细胞、血管内皮细胞和皮肤角质形成细胞表达由α(3)、α(5)、β(2)和β(4)亚基组成的神经型烟碱受体，以及由α(7)亚基组成的神经型烟碱受体。皮层细胞中的神经元烟碱受体参与调节细胞的形状和运动，从而维持这些细胞表面的完整性。非神经性组织中的神经性尼古丁受体可能调节其他功能，包括细胞增殖和分化。乙酰胆碱是由多种细胞合成、分泌和降解的，包括表达神经元烟碱受体的皮层细胞。因此，乙酰胆碱可能作为一种局部“荷尔蒙”发挥作用，能够调节需要快速适应新条件的细胞功能。在已知与烟草毒性有关的组织中，如支气管和血管中，存在对尼古丁敏感的神经性尼古丁受体，这增加了它们介导吸烟某些毒性效应的可能性。(C)2000 Elsevier Science B.V.保留所有权利。
The nicotinic acetylcholine receptors are prototypic ionotropic receptors that mediate fast synaptic transmission. However, also non-excitable cells, and particularly the tegumental cells that line external and internal body surfaces, express acetylcholine receptors of neuronal type sensitive to nicotine. Bronchial epithelial cells, endothelial cells of blood vessels and skin keratinocytes express neuronal nicotinic receptors composed of alpha(3), alpha(5), beta(2) and beta(4) subunits, similar to those expressed in sympathetic ganglia, and neuronal nicotinic receptors composed of alpha(7) subunits. Neuronal nicotinic receptors in tegumental cells are involved in modulating cell shape and motility, and therefore in maintaining the integrity of the surfaces lined by those cells. Neuronal nicotinic receptors in non-neuronal tissues may modulate other functions, including cell proliferation and differentiation. Acetylcholine is synthesized, secreted and degraded by a variety of cells, including the tegumental cells that express neuronal nicotinic receptors. Thus, acetylcholine may function as a local "hormone" that is able to modulate cell functions that require fast adaptation to new conditions. The presence of neuronal nicotinic receptors sensitive to nicotine in tissues known to be involved in tobacco toxicity, like bronchi and blood vessels, raises the possibility that they mediate some of the toxic effects of smoking. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.