Engineering of plant chromosomes
Engineering of plant chromosomes
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DOI：
10.1007/s10577-014-9449-1
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发表时间：
2015-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
M. Mette;A. Houben
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Mette;A. Houben
具有足够有丝分裂和减数分裂稳定性的工程最小染色体作为堆叠植物生物技术中复杂性状所需的多个基因的载体具有巨大的潜力。最近获得了染色体工程中基本步骤的原理证明，例如通过 T-DNA 介导的端粒播种截断染色体和通过 cenH3 融合蛋白束缚从头形成着丝粒。为了生成用于植物生物技术的稳健方案，需要将这些步骤组合并补充其他方法，例如用于在微型染色体上定向转移多个感兴趣基因的位点特异性重组。同时，这些方法的发展使得人们对植物染色体功能的基本方面有了新的认识，例如着丝粒如何确保染色体正确分布到子细胞，或者端粒如何盖住染色体末端以防止DNA复制周期中末端缩短和染色体末端融合。
Engineered minimal chromosomes with sufficient mitotic and meiotic stability have an enormous potential as vectors for stacking multiple genes required for complex traits in plant biotechnology. Proof of principle for essential steps in chromosome engineering such as truncation of chromosomes by T-DNA-mediated telomere seeding and de novo formation of centromeres by cenH3 fusion protein tethering has been recently obtained. In order to generate robust protocols for application in plant biotechnology, these steps need to be combined and supplemented with additional methods such as site-specific recombination for the directed transfer of multiple genes of interest on the minichromosomes. At the same time, the development of these methods allows new insight into basic aspects of plant chromosome functions such as how centromeres assure proper distribution of chromosomes to daughter cells or how telomeres serve to cap the chromosome ends to prevent shortening of ends over DNA replication cycles and chromosome end fusion.