Association between breastfeeding duration and cognitive development, autistic traits and ADHD symptoms: a multicenter study in Spain
Association between breastfeeding duration and cognitive development, autistic traits and ADHD symptoms: a multicenter study in Spain
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DOI：
10.1038/pr.2016.238
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发表时间：
2017-03-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Sunyer, Jordi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Boucher, Olivier;Julvez, Jordi;Sunyer, Jordi
背景：几项研究表明，母乳喂养时间越长，儿童的智力表现越好。相比之下，很少有研究调查母乳喂养对行为问题（如注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）症状）的潜在保护作用，对自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）特征的研究就更少了。方法：我们使用西班牙多中心出生队列研究INMA项目的数据，并考虑到母乳喂养的强度，研究了母乳喂养时间与认知发育、注意力、多动症症状和自闭症特征之间的关系。在婴儿期通过母亲问卷记录了任何、主要和纯母乳喂养的持续时间。使用McCarthy儿童能力量表、Conners儿童持续表现测试、DSM-ADHD症状表标准和儿童自闭症谱系测试对儿童（N = 1346，平均年龄= 4.9）进行评估。结果：在调整了几个混杂因素后，较长的母乳喂养时间与更好的认知发展和更少的自闭症特征独立相关。结论：本研究进一步证明，除了社会环境因素外，母乳喂养与认知功能呈正相关，并提示母乳喂养对自闭症特征有保护作用。结果与延长母乳喂养时间以促进儿童发育的建议一致。
BACKGROUND: Several studies have related longer breastfeeding duration to better intellectual performance in children. By contrast, few studies have investigated the potential protective effects of breastfeeding against behavioral problems such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms, and even fewer on autism spectrum disorders (ASD) traits.METHODS: We examined the association between breastfeeding duration and cognitive development, attention, ADHD symptoms, and autistic traits using data from the INMA Project, a Spanish multicenter birth-cohort study, and taking into account the intensity of breastfeeding. Duration of any, predominant, and exclusive breastfeeding was documented during infancy through maternal questionnaires. Children (N = 1,346; mean age = 4.9 y) were assessed using the McCarthy Scales of Children's Abilities, Conners' Kiddie Continuous Performance Test, criteria of the DSM-ADHD symptoms form list, and the Childhood Autism Spectrum Test.RESULTS: After adjustment for several confounders, longer duration of breastfeeding was independently associated with better cognitive development and with fewer autistic traits.CONCLUSION:This study provides further evidence of a positive association of breastfeeding with cognitive function apart from socio-environmental factors, and also suggests a protective role against autistic traits. Results are in agreement with recommendations for prolonged breastfeeding duration to promote child development.