Sole Traders? The Role of the Extended Family in Eighteenth-Century Atlantic Business Networks
Sole Traders? The Role of the Extended Family in Eighteenth-Century Atlantic Business Networks
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DOI：
10.1017/eso.2021.15
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
1
通讯作者：
Jones S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jones S
尽管在理解妇女在早期现代商业中的作用方面取得了重大进展，但要充分理解妇女对18世纪贸易网络的影响，还需要更多的努力。此外，人们对18世纪大西洋经济中更广泛的家庭成员，特别是儿童的作用知之甚少。商业史中享有特权的正式文献并不能说明全部情况，而且它经常把商业活动描述为一种由处于贸易网络中心的族长主导的追求。本文通过广泛使用三个商人家庭的个人家庭通信来探讨18世纪的家族商业网络，这三个商人家庭在北方大西洋的不同地区生活和贸易：巴巴多斯的商人和海军部副法官休·霍尔;波尔多的葡萄酒商人布莱克家族;以及英国肯达尔的美世商和店主约瑟夫·辛森。这篇文章将表明，妇女似乎是自主的球员，有权力和能力作出知情和独立的决定，指导其家庭的商业利益。此外，它还评估了商人如何培养其大家庭的专门知识，以加强其商业网络，推动其商业活动。本文着重于支持或促进家族企业繁荣的儿童，强调他们的参与是有意的，而不是偶然的。这篇文章提出了一些问题，关于这种活动的情感后果很少被详细考虑，以及以这种方式运作的经济利益。
Despite significant developments in understanding the role of women in early-modern business, more is needed to fully understand women’s impact on eighteenth-century trading networks. Further, much less is known about the role of wider family members, especially children, in the eighteenth-century Atlantic economy. The formal documentation that is privileged in business histories does not tell the whole story, and it frequently represents mercantile activity as a pursuit dominated by a patriarch at the center of a trading network. This article explores eighteenth-century familial commercial networks through extensive use of the personal family correspondence of three merchant families who lived and traded within different locales of the northern Atlantic: Hugh Hall, a merchant and vice judge of the admiralty in Barbados; the Black family, who were wine merchants in Bordeaux; and Joseph Symson, a mercer and shopkeeper from Kendal, England. This article will show that women appear as autonomous players with the power and ability to make informed and independent decisions that directed the business interests of their families. Moreover, it includes an assessment of the ways in which merchants cultivated the expertise of their extended families to enhance their commercial networks and advance their business pursuits. Focusing on children who supported or enhanced the prosperity of the family firm, this article emphasizes that their participation was intentional, not incidental. This article asks questions about the emotional consequences of such activity—which have rarely been considered in any detail—as well as the financial benefit of operating in this manner.
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DOI：
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