Liquid-like chromatin in the cell: What can we learn from imaging and computational modeling?
Liquid-like chromatin in the cell: What can we learn from imaging and computational modeling?
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DOI：
10.1016/j.sbi.2021.06.004
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发表时间：
2021-12-01
影响因子：
6.8
通讯作者：
Collepardo-Guevara, Rosana
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Itoh, Yuji;Woods, Esmae J.;Collepardo-Guevara, Rosana
真核细胞中的染色质是带负电荷的长聚合物，由 DNA、组蛋白和各种相关蛋白组成。由于其高电荷和异质性，染色质结构根据各种因素（例如化学修饰和蛋白质富集）和周围环境（例如阳离子）而发生很大变化：从 10 nm 纤维、折叠的 30 nm 纤维到染色质凝聚物/液滴。最近的先进成像观察到染色质表现出动态的液体状行为，并在细胞内经历结构变化。当前的计算模型使得通过在多尺度水平上处理多个核小体来重建细胞中的液体状染色质成为可能，并且已成为检查引起观察到的行为的分子机制的强大技术，而成像方法本身无法做到这一点。基于成像和建模研究的新发现，我们讨论了活细胞中染色质的动态方面及其功能相关性。
Chromatin in eukaryotic cells is a negatively charged long polymer consisting of DNA, histones, and various associated proteins. With its highly charged and heterogeneous nature, chromatin structure varies greatly depending on various factors (e.g. chemical modifications and protein enrichment) and the surrounding environment (e.g. cations): from a 10-nm fiber, a folded 30-nm fiber, to chromatin condensates/droplets. Recent advanced imaging has observed that chromatin exhibits a dynamic liquid-like behavior and undergoes structural variations within the cell. Current computational modeling has made it possible to reconstruct the liquid-like chromatin in the cell by dealing with a number of nucleosomes on multiscale levels and has become a powerful technique to inspect the molecular mechanisms giving rise to the observed behavior, which imaging methods cannot do on their own. Based on new findings from both imaging and modeling studies, we discuss the dynamic aspect of chromatin in living cells and its functional relevance.