Analysis of stream temperature and heat budget in an urban river under strong anthropogenic influences
Analysis of stream temperature and heat budget in an urban river under strong anthropogenic influences
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jhydrol.2013.02.048
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发表时间：
2013-05
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
Zhuohang Xin;T. Kinouchi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Zhuohang Xin;T. Kinouchi
河流温度变化的多摩河，贯穿东京的高度城市化地区，进行了研究的人为影响，包括废水排放，大坝释放和取水。确定了流温度的长期和纵向变化，并研究了流流速、废水流出物的温度和体积以及空气温度的影响。还对主流的几个部分进行了水热收支分析，以澄清自然和人为因素的相对影响。过去20年来，受沿着主流的废水处理厂（WWTP）产生的密集温暖流出物影响的地点，冬季溪流温度显着升高。在夏季，上游河段的水温上升幅度较大，这是由于取水导致流速下降。空气和流温度之间的关系表明，在上游网站的流温度可能会受到大坝释放的影响，而在下游河段的温度偏离空气温度在最近几年，可能是由于污水处理厂的污水的影响增加。水热收支分析结果表明，最大的贡献，水和热收益是由于废水排放，而其他因素，如地下水补给和取水被发现表现为能量汇，特别是在夏季。从支流的流入，以减少大坝释放的影响，在空气-水界面的热交换贡献较小的热量收支在冬季和夏季的所有河段。
Stream temperature variations of the Tama River, which runs through highly urbanized areas of Tokyo, were studied in relation to anthropogenic impacts, including wastewater effluents, dam release and water withdrawal. Both long-term and longitudinal changes in stream temperature were identified and the influences of stream flow rate, temperature and volume of wastewater effluents and air temperature were investigated. Water and heat budget analyses were also conducted for several segments of the mainstream to clarify the relative impacts from natural and anthropogenic factors. Stream temperatures in the winter season significantly increased over the past 20years at sites affected by intensive and warm effluents from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) located along the mainstream. In the summer season, a larger stream temperature increase was identified in the upstream reaches, which was attributable to the decreased flow rate due to water withdrawal. The relationship between air and stream temperatures indicated that stream temperatures at the upstream site were likely to be affected by a dam release, while temperatures in the downstream reaches have deviated more from air temperatures in recent years, probably due to the increased impacts of effluents from WWTPs. Results of the water and heat budget analyses indicated that the largest contributions to water and heat gains were attributable to wastewater effluents, while other factors such as groundwater recharge and water withdrawal were found to behave as energy sinks, especially in summer. The inflow from tributaries worked to reduce the impacts of dam release and the heat exchanges at the air–water interface contributed less to heat budgets in both winter and summer seasons for all river segments.