The habitat structure of Lukanga Ramsar site in central Zambia: an understanding of wetland ecological condition.
The habitat structure of Lukanga Ramsar site in central Zambia: an understanding of wetland ecological condition.
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DOI：
10.4236/oje.2017.76029
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发表时间：
2017-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Thole, L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Chabwela, H.;Chomba, C.;Thole, L.
进行了实地调查，以确定在赞比亚中部的Lukanga沼泽拉姆萨尔网站的植被结构。研究的目的是确定不同的植被群落，物种组成和分布模式，以改善生境管理。在所有可识别的植被群落中进行取样。调查结果表明，该沼泽为沿岸的沼泽湿地，以六芒李氏禾（LeersiahexandriaSwartz）、香蒲（TyphacapensisRohrb）、芦苇（Phragmites australis（Cav.）Trin.产于新疆的有3种，分别为：草（33.61%）、水龙骨（31.58%）和塞内加尔蓼（48.8%）。本文报道了东北山慈菇和莎草的发生情况。被限制在小而孤立的地方。矮白蚁一般为尖角蚁所覆盖（35.25%），而高白蚁则以黍占优势。（26.00%）。最重要的木本植物种类包括Combretum ghasalense Engl. et Diels（I. V=62.88）、假毛柱兰（Pseudolachnostylis maprouneifolia Pax（I. V=90.48）、合欢（Albizia adianthifolia（Schmacher）W.F.怀特（I. V=135.63）、安哥拉异柏林木（Isoberlinia angolensis Hyle）和Brenan（I. V=87.25）。在这项研究中观察到的水生植物组成的当前结构是一个普遍淤积湿地的指示，而在周围的植被中主要发生的林下木本植物表示退化miombo植被。得出的结论是，湿地栖息地的生态状况受到潜在的威胁，主要是人为活动，如野火，和周围植被的不可持续的开发。需要进一步研究，以审查水流、富营养化和砍伐森林对湿地生态功能的长期影响。
A field survey was carried out to determine the vegetation structure of the Lukanga Swamp Ramsar site in central Zambia. The aim of the study was to identify the different vegetation communities, species composition and distribution patterns for improved habitat management. Sampling was conducted in all recognizable vegetation communities. The results of the survey showed that the swamp was a littoral palustrine wetland predominantly characterized by the dominance of Leersia hexandria Swartz (42.02%), Typha capensis Rohrb (62.43%), Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud (33.61%), Aeschynomeme fluitans Peter (31.58%) and Polygonum senegalense Meisn (48.8%). The occurrence of Vossia cuspidata Griff and Cyperus papyrus L. was restricted to small and isolated locations. Short Termitaria was generally covered by Acrocerus macrum Stapf (35.25%) while tall Termitaria was dominated by Panicum maximum Jacq. (26.00%). The most important woody plant species included Combretum ghasalense Engl. et Diels (I. V=62.88), Pseudolachnostylis maprouneifolia Pax (I. V=90.48), Albizia adianthifolia (Schmacher) W.F. Wight (I. V=135.63) Isoberlinia angolensis Hyle and Brenan (I. V=87.25). The current structure of the hydrophytes composition observed in this study was an indication of a generally silting wetland, while the dominant occurrence of understorey woody plants in the surrounding vegetation signified degraded miombo vegetation. It was concluded that the ecological status of wetland habitat was potentially threatened by mainly anthropogenic activities such as; wildfires, and unsustainable exploitation of surrounding vegetation. Further research is required to examine water flows, eutrophication and the long-term effects of deforestation on the ecological functioning of the wetland.