Levels of selective attention revealed through analyses of response time distributions.
Levels of selective attention revealed through analyses of response time distributions.
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DOI：
10.1037/0096-1523.26.2.506
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发表时间：
2000-04
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Daniel H. Spieler;D. Balota;M. Faust
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Daniel H. Spieler;D. Balota;M. Faust
本研究考察了一些选择性注意任务中干扰效应的性质。所有这些任务都会通过呈现与任务绩效无关但竞争选择的信息来干扰绩效。与竞争最小化的情况相比，来自竞争信息的干扰减慢了参与者的响应时间(RT)。作者使用指数分布和高斯(前高斯)分布的卷积来检验干扰对RT分布特性的影响。与之前的研究一致，作者表明Stroop任务中的干扰既反映在前高斯的高斯部分，也反映在前高斯的指数部分。相反，在4个实验中，他们表明，其他几个干扰任务证明了仅反映在前高斯分布的高斯部分的干扰。作者认为，这些差异反映了不同选择机制的运作，并检查了序贯抽样模型如何适应这些影响。
The present research examines the nature of the interference effects in a number of selective attention tasks. All of these tasks result in interference in performance by presenting information that is irrelevant to task performance but competes for selection. The interference from this competing information slows the response time (RT) of participants relative to a condition where the competition is minimized. The authors use a convolution of an exponential and a Gaussian (ex-Gaussian) distribution to examine the influence of interference on the characteristics of RT distributions. Consistent with previous research, the authors show that interference in the Stroop task is reflected by both the Gaussian and exponential portions of the ex-Gaussian. In contrast, in 4 experiments they show that several other interference tasks evidence interference that is reflected only in the Gaussian portion of the ex-Gaussian distribution. The authors suggest that these differences reflect the operation of different selection mechanisms, and they examine how sequential sampling models accommodate these effects.