Pore Pressure Diffusion and Onset of Induced Seismicity

Pore Pressure Diffusion and Onset of Induced Seismicity
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孔隙压力扩散和诱发地震活动的发生

DOI:
10.1029/2022jb026012
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发表时间:
2023
期刊:
Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Tiampo, Kristy F.
Tiampo, Kristy F.
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Stokes, Scott M.;Ge, Shemin;Brown, Megan R.;Menezes, Elizabeth A.;Sheehan, Anne F.;Tiampo, Kristy F.

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在过去的几十年里,科罗拉多南部和北方新墨西哥州的拉顿盆地经历了地震活动的显著增加,包括两次M5+地震。在与煤层气生产相关的废水处理增加后不久,地震活动开始增加。盆地内有29口污水注入威尔斯井,其中几口高速注入井位于地震最活跃地区的一公里范围内。我们开发了一个孔隙压力模型来研究孔隙压力扩散和诱发地震活动的发生之间的关系,重点是特立尼达断裂带。我们的模型表明,特立尼达断层带的北方范围内积累了足够的孔隙压力增加,从而在早期地震活动时诱发地震活动。盆地的水文地质结构在控制孔隙压力扰动方面起着关键作用。具有中等低扩散率的基底沉积层段限制了垂直孔隙压力的扩散,在威尔斯井变得活跃和断层带扰动的表达之间产生了大量的滞后时间。早期地震活动和废水注入与模拟孔隙压力之间的时空关系表明,拉顿盆地的早期地震活动可能是由孔隙压力扩散引发的。
The Raton Basin of Southern Colorado and Northern New Mexico experienced a significant increase in seismicity over the last several decades, including two M5+ earthquakes. The increase in seismicity started soon after an increase in wastewater disposal associated with coal‐bed methane production. Twenty‐nine wastewater injection wells have operated in the Basin, with several high‐rate injectors located within a kilometer of the most seismically active regions. We developed a pore pressure model to investigate the relationship between pore pressure diffusion and onset of induced seismicity, with an emphasis on the Trinidad fault zones. Our model indicates that sufficient pore pressure increase had accumulated on the northern extent of the Trinidad fault zone to induce seismicity at the time of early‐stage seismic activity. The hydrogeologic architecture of the Basin played a key role in controlling pore pressure perturbation. The basal sedimentary interval with moderately low diffusivity restricted vertical pore pressure diffusion, creating a substantial lag time between wells becoming active and the expression of perturbation in the fault zones. The spatiotemporal relationship between early‐stage seismicity and wastewater injection in conjunction with modeled pore pressures suggests that the early‐stage seismicity in the Raton Basin was likely triggered by pore pressure diffusion.
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