Parasites driving host diversity: Incidence of disease correlated with Daphnia clonal turnover *
Parasites driving host diversity: Incidence of disease correlated with Daphnia clonal turnover *
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DOI：
10.1111/evo.13413
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发表时间：
2018-03
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
P. Turko;C. Tellenbach;E. Keller;Nadine Tardent;B. Keller;P. Spaak;J. Wolinska
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
P. Turko;C. Tellenbach;E. Keller;Nadine Tardent;B. Keller;P. Spaak;J. Wolinska
根据红皇后假说，无性种群的克隆多样性可以通过共同进化的寄生虫的负频率依赖选择来维持。如果常见的克隆被选择反对和罕见的克隆获得了伴随的优势，我们预计，克隆周转应该是更快的寄生虫流行期间比它们之间。我们测试了这一假设，探索现场数据的水蚤Caullerya主机寄生虫系统。从1998年到2013年，利用第一个等位酶和后来的微卫星标记，以高时间分辨率跟踪了水蚤宿主种群的克隆组成和周转。水蚤种群的随机和受感染的子样本之间的克隆组成的显着差异，检测到六个测试的场合，确认在这个系统中的宿主-寄生虫相互作用的遗传特异性。我们使用时间序列分析来比较宿主克隆周转率与寄生发生率，发现Caullerya患病率与基于微卫星的克隆周转率显著相关。作为替代假设，我们进一步测试营业额是否与各种生物，非生物和主机的人口统计参数。其他显着相关的营业额是蓝藻生物量和（弱）温度。总的来说，寄生似乎是一个强大的驱动器主机克隆周转，在支持红皇后假说。
According to the Red Queen hypothesis, clonal diversity in asexual populations could be maintained by negative frequency‐dependant selection by coevolving parasites. If common clones are selected against and rare clones gain a concomitant advantage, we expect that clonal turnover should be faster during parasite epidemics than between them. We tested this hypothesis exploring field data of the Daphnia–Caullerya host–parasite system. The clonal make‐up and turnover of the Daphnia host population was tracked with high temporal resolution from 1998 until 2013, using first allozyme and later microsatellite markers. Significant differences in the clonal composition between random and infected subsamples of Daphnia populations were detected on six of seven tested occasions, confirming genetic specificity of the host–parasite interaction in this system. We used time series analysis to compare the rates of host clonal turnover to the incidence of parasitism, and found that Caullerya prevalence was significantly associated with microsatellite‐based clonal turnover. As alternate hypotheses, we further tested whether turnover was related to a variety of biotic, abiotic, and host demographic parameters. Other significant correlates of turnover were cyanobacterial biomass and (weakly) temperature. Overall, parasitism seems to be a strong driver of host clonal turnover, in support of the Red Queen hypothesis.