Germline DNA demethylation dynamics and imprint erasure through 5-hydroxymethylcytosine.

Germline DNA demethylation dynamics and imprint erasure through 5-hydroxymethylcytosine.
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DOI:
10.1126/science.1229277
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发表时间:
2013-01-25
期刊:
Science (New York, N.Y.)
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Surani MA
Surani MA
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Hackett JA;Sengupta R;Zylicz JJ;Murakami K;Lee C;Down TA;Surani MA

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Mouse primordial germ cells (PGC) undergo sequential epigenetic changes and genome-wide DNA demethylation to reset the epigenome for totipotency. Here, we demonstrate that erasure of CpG methylation (5mC) in PGCs occurs via conversion to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), driven by high levels of TET1 and TET2. Global conversion to 5hmC initiates asynchronously among PGCs at embryonic day (E) 9.5-E10.5 and accounts for the unique process of imprint erasure. Mechanistically, 5hmC enrichment is followed by its protracted decline thereafter at a rate consistent with replication-coupled dilution. The conversion to 5hmC is a significant component of parallel redundant systems that drive comprehensive reprogramming in PGCs. Nonetheless, we identify rare regulatory elements that escape systematic DNA demethylation in PGCs, providing a potential mechanistic basis for transgenerational epigenetic inheritance.
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