Advances in Understanding Mechanisms of Thalamic Relays in Cognition and Behavior
Advances in Understanding Mechanisms of Thalamic Relays in Cognition and Behavior
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DOI：
10.1523/jneurosci.3289-14.2014
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发表时间：
2014-11-12
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Chudasama, Yogita
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mitchell, Anna S.;Sherman, S. Murray;Chudasama, Yogita
关于皮质丘脑相互关系的小型研讨会的主要推动力是最近的一些研究，这些研究强调了丘脑在感觉处理以外的认知方面的作用。丘脑参与一系列基本认知行为，包括学习和记忆、抑制控制、决策和视觉定向反应的控制。它的功能与那些研究得更好的皮层的功能深深地交织在一起，尽管控制它与皮层协调的原则仍然不透明，特别是在认知的高层次方面。在大脑其他部分的背景下，应该如何看待丘脑？虽然它的作用远远超出了从外围传递感觉信息的范围，但它的许多分支的主要功能似乎确实是一个中继站，将神经信号主要从一些大脑区域传递到大脑皮层。因此，在认知方面，它的主要贡献可能是协调端脑不同区域之间的信号，包括新皮质、海马、杏仁核和纹状体。这种中枢协调还受到相当多的外在控制，例如，来自基底神经节、齿状回和顶盖前区的抑制，以及来自上行神经递质系统的化学调节。以下是对丘脑在认知和行为方面的作用的简要回顾，重点是在2014年神经科学学会会议上举行的小型研讨会上所涵盖的主题的总结。
The main impetus for a mini-symposium on corticothalamic interrelationships was the recent number of studies highlighting the role of the thalamus in aspects of cognition beyond sensory processing. The thalamus contributes to a range of basic cognitive behaviors that include learning and memory, inhibitory control, decision-making, and the control of visual orienting responses. Its functions are deeply intertwined with those of the better studied cortex, although the principles governing its coordination with the cortex remain opaque, particularly in higher-level aspects of cognition. How should the thalamus be viewed in the context of the rest of the brain? Although its role extends well beyond relaying of sensory information from the periphery, the main function of many of its subdivisions does appear to be that of a relay station, transmitting neural signals primarily to the cerebral cortex from a number of brain areas. In cognition, its main contribution may thus be to coordinate signals between diverse regions of the telencephalon, including the neocortex, hippocampus, amygdala, and striatum. This central coordination is further subject to considerable extrinsic control, for example, inhibition from the basal ganglia, zona incerta, and pretectal regions, and chemical modulation from ascending neurotransmitter systems. What follows is a brief review on the role of the thalamus in aspects of cognition and behavior, focusing on a summary of the topics covered in a mini-symposium held at the Society for Neuroscience meeting, 2014.