Autonomic responses to exercise: group III/IV muscle afferents and fatigue.
Autonomic responses to exercise: group III/IV muscle afferents and fatigue.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.autneu.2014.10.018
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发表时间：
2015-03
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Venturelli, Massimo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Amann, Markus;Sidhu, Simranjit K.;Weavil, Joshua C.;Mangum, Tyler S.;Venturelli, Massimo
起源于运动肢体肌肉的第III和第IV组肌肉传入在人类运动期间疲劳的发展中起重要作用。从这些感觉神经元到中枢神经系统（CNS）的反馈反射性地增加运动期间的通气和中枢（心输出量）和外周（肢体血流）血液动力学响应，从而确保足够的肌肉血流和O2输送。这种反应描绘了一个关键因素，在最大限度地减少外周疲劳的发展速度和优化有氧运动能力。另一方面，III/IV组肌肉传入的中枢投射损害性能，并通过其对脊髓运动神经元的输出的递减效应限制锻炼的人，这降低了随意肌肉激活（即促进中枢疲劳）。从最近的动物研究积累的证据表明，存在两个亚型的III/IV组肌肉传入。虽然一种亚型仅对与“正常”、主要是有氧运动相关的生理和无害水平的内源性肌内代谢物（乳酸盐、ATP、质子）有反应，但另一种亚型仅对在缺血性收缩期间或例如高渗盐水输注之后存在于肌肉中的更高和同时有害水平的代谢物有反应。本文综述了III/IV组肌肉传入反馈介导运动人体中枢和外周疲劳的机制。我们还简要总结了积累的证据，从最近的动物和人类研究记录存在的两个亚型的第III/IV组肌肉传入和相关性，这一发现的解释以前的工作和设计未来的研究。
Group III and IV muscle afferents originating in exercising limb muscle play a significant role in the development of fatigue during exercise in humans. Feedback from these sensory neurons to the central nervous system (CNS) reflexively increases ventilation and central (cardiac output) and peripheral (limb blood flow) hemodynamic responses during exercise and thereby assures adequate muscle blood flow and O2 delivery. This response depicts a key factor in minimizing the rate of development of peripheral fatigue and in optimizing aerobic exercise capacity. On the other hand, the central projection of group III/IV muscle afferents impairs performance and limits the exercising human via its diminishing effect on the output from spinal motoneurons which decreases voluntary muscle activation (i.e. facilitates central fatigue). Accumulating evidence from recent animal studies suggests the existence of two subtypes of group III/IV muscle afferents. While one subtype only responds to physiological and innocuous levels of endogenous intramuscular metabolites (lactate, ATP, protons) associated with ‘normal’, predominantly aerobic exercise, the other subtype only responds to higher and concurrently noxious levels of metabolites present in muscle during ischaemic contractions or following, for example, hypertonic saline infusions. This review discusses the mechanisms through which group III/IV muscle afferent feedback mediates both central and peripheral fatigue in exercising humans. We also briefly summarize accumulating evidence from recent animal and human studies documenting the existence of two subtypes of group III/IV muscle afferents and the relevance of this discovery for the interpretation of previous work and the design of future studies.
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影响因子：
3.3
作者：
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