Field Performance of Aliphatic-aromatic Copolyester Biodegradable Mulch Films in a Fresh Market Tomato Production System
Field Performance of Aliphatic-aromatic Copolyester Biodegradable Mulch Films in a Fresh Market Tomato Production System
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脂肪族-芳香族共聚酯可生物降解地膜在新鲜番茄生产系统中的田间性能
DOI：
10.21273/horttech.18.4.605
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发表时间：
2008
期刊：
影响因子：
1
通讯作者：
T. Kijchavengkul
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Ngouajio;R. Auras;R. T. Fernandez;M. Rubino;J. W. Counts;T. Kijchavengkul
.蔬菜生产中聚乙烯覆盖物的去除和处理对社会造成了很高的经济和环境成本。这项研究于2006年和2007年在密歇根州立大学进行，以测试新的可生物降解覆盖物的田间性能，使用“山鲜加”番茄（Solanum lycopersicum）作为模式作物。处理包括两种可生物降解的乳液（黑色和白色），每种具有两种厚度（35和25 mm）。一个传统的低密度聚乙烯（LDPE）覆盖25毫米作为对照（蔬菜种植者常用的覆盖）。数据记录器安装在各种覆盖物下2厘米深的土壤中，以记录土壤温度。实验采用完全随机区组设计，重复4次。覆盖物被重新使用在一个凸起的床上，滴灌系统。在整个季节中，对覆盖物降解、土壤温度、番茄生长、杂草密度和生物量进行了评估。番茄在成熟时收获，并根据市场规格进行果实分级。结果表明：在第一周内，生物降解性乳化液下的土壤温度高于LPDE覆盖下的土壤温度;从第二周开始，所有生物降解性乳化液下的土壤温度均逐渐下降，其中白色乳化液下的土壤温度下降幅度最大;由于白色覆盖物过早分解，杂草压力大，导致2007年植株较小，产量较低。番茄生长，产量和果实品质从黑色覆盖是相当于在低密度聚乙烯覆盖。未来的研究将优化地膜的生物降解性，并在商业生产中测试黑色地膜的机械铺设。
. Removal and disposal of polyethylene mulch in vegetable productionrepresents a high economic and environmental cost to society. This study wasconducted in 2006 and 2007 at Michigan State University to test the fieldperformance of new biodegradable mulches using ‘Mountain Fresh Plus’ tomato(Solanum lycopersicum) as a model crop. Treatments included two biodegradablemulches (black and white), each with two thicknesses (35 and 25 mm). A conven-tional low-density polyethylene (LDPE) mulch of 25 mm was included as a control(a mulch commonly used by vegetable growers). Data loggers were installed 2 cminto the soil under the various mulches to record soil temperature. The experimentused a randomized complete block design with four replications. The mulches wereused on a raised bed, drip irrigation system. Mulch degradation, soil temperature,tomato growth, weed density, and biomass were assessed during the seasons.Tomatoes were harvested at maturity and were fruit graded according to marketspecifications. Results indicate that soil temperature under the biodegradablemulches was greater than that under the LPDE mulch during the first week.Starting the second week, soil temperature dropped gradually under all thebiodegradablemulches.Thedropintemperaturewasgreatestwiththewhitemulch.Due to premature breakdown of the white mulches, weed pressure was high,resulting in smaller plants with low yield in 2007. Tomato growth, yield, and fruitquality from the black mulch was equivalent to that in the LDPE mulch. Futurestudies will optimize biodegradability of the mulches and test mechanical layingof the black mulch under commercial production.