The Effects of Aerobic Exercise on Cognitive and Neural Decline in Aging and Cardiovascular Disease.
The Effects of Aerobic Exercise on Cognitive and Neural Decline in Aging and Cardiovascular Disease.
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DOI：
10.1007/s13670-014-0101-x
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发表时间：
2014-12
影响因子：
1.2
通讯作者：
Forman, Daniel E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hayes, Scott M;Alosco, Michael L;Forman, Daniel E
衰老的特征是认知功能的下降，特别是在执行功能、处理速度和情景记忆方面。这些与年龄相关的下降因心血管疾病(CVD)和心血管危险因素(高血压、糖尿病、肥胖、总胆固醇升高)而加剧。大脑区域的结构和功能变化，包括额叶-顶叶和内侧颞叶，与年龄和心血管疾病相关的认知能力下降有关。最近的多项研究表明，有氧运动计划可能会减缓与年龄相关的神经变化的进展，并降低轻度认知障碍和痴呆症的风险。我们回顾了与年龄和心血管疾病相关的认知衰退以及大脑形态和功能的潜在变化，然后阐明了有氧运动对缓和这些模式的影响。
Aging is characterized by a decline in cognitive functions, particularly in the domains of executive function, processing speed and episodic memory. These age-related declines are exacerbated by cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cardiovascular risk factors (hypertension, diabetes, obesity, elevated total cholesterol). Structural and functional alterations in brain regions, including the fronto-parietal and medial temporal lobes, have been linked to age- and CVD-related cognitive decline. Multiple recent studies indicate that aerobic exercise programs may slow the progression of age-related neural changes and reduce the risk for mild cognitive impairment as well as dementia. We review age- and CVD-related decline in cognition and the underlying changes in brain morphology and function, and then clarify the impact of aerobic exercise on moderating these patterns.