Attention bias in adults with anorexia nervosa, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and social anxiety disorder.
Attention bias in adults with anorexia nervosa, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and social anxiety disorder.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jpsychires.2016.04.009
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发表时间：
2016-08
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Simpson HB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Schneier FR;Kimeldorf MB;Choo TH;Steinglass JE;Wall MM;Fyer AJ;Simpson HB
对威胁的注意偏向（对威胁刺激的选择性注意）在焦虑障碍样本中经常被发现，但其在这一类别内外的分布尚不清楚。注意偏差在社交焦虑障碍（SAD）中得到了广泛的研究，但在强迫症（OCD）中相对较少，强迫症历来被认为是一种焦虑障碍，或者神经性厌食症（an），其特征通常是人际关系以及身体形象/饮食恐惧。无药物治疗的成人SAD (n=43), OCD (n=50), AN （n=30）和健康对照志愿者（HC, n=74）通过一个既定的点探测任务来评估注意偏倚，该任务呈现愤怒和中性面孔的图像。其他结果包括注意偏倚变异性（ABV），它总结了警惕和回避之间的注意波动，据报道具有较高的可靠性。我们假设注意偏倚会在SAD中升高，并与SAD严重程度相关。各障碍的注意偏倚与HC没有差异，但在SAD组内，注意偏倚与社交回避的严重程度显著相关。强迫症患者的ABV明显低于HC，且与强迫症患者症状严重程度呈正相关。研究结果不支持HC对SAD、OCD或AN的威胁面孔的注意偏倚存在差异。在SAD样本中，注意偏倚与社交回避严重程度的关联与注意偏倚调节社交退缩发展的证据是一致的。ABV与强迫症诊断和严重程度之间的关系是一个新发现，值得进一步研究。
Attention bias to threat (selective attention toward threatening stimuli) has been frequently found in anxiety disorder samples, but its distribution both within and beyond this category is unclear. Attention bias has been studied extensively in social anxiety disorder (SAD) but relatively little in obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), historically considered an anxiety disorder, or anorexia nervosa (AN), which is often characterized by interpersonal as well as body image/eating fears. Medication-free adults with SAD (n=43), OCD (n=50), or AN (n=30), and healthy control volunteers (HC, n=74) were evaluated for attention bias with an established dot probe task presenting images of angry and neutral faces. Additional outcomes included attention bias variability (ABV), which summarizes fluctuation in attention between vigilance and avoidance, and has been reported to have superior reliability. We hypothesized that attention bias would be elevated in SAD and associated with SAD severity. Attention bias in each disorder did not differ from HC, but within the SAD group attention bias correlated significantly with severity of social avoidance. ABV was significantly lower in OCD versus HC, and it correlated positively with severity of OCD symptoms within the OCD group. Findings do not support differences from HC in attention bias to threat faces for SAD, OCD, or AN. Within the SAD sample, the association of attention bias with severity of social avoidance is consistent with evidence that attention bias moderates development of social withdrawal. The association of ABV with OCD diagnosis and severity is novel and deserves further study.