Soil microbial community structure and function are significantly affected by long-term organic and mineral fertilization regimes in the North China Plain
Soil microbial community structure and function are significantly affected by long-term organic and mineral fertilization regimes in the North China Plain
复制标题
华北平原土壤微生物群落结构和功能受长期有机和矿肥施用制度的显着影响
DOI：
10.1016/j.apsoil.2015.07.001
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发表时间：
2015-11-01
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Zhao, Bingqiang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li, Juan;Cooper, Julia Mary;Zhao, Bingqiang
An improved understanding of the complex interactions and relationships in the soil ecosystem is essential to predict the impact of farming practices on soil quality and its capacity for agricultural production. This study aims to improve our understanding of the impacts of fertilization strategy on key indicators of soil biological and chemical quality. We studied soils from a winter wheat-summer maize rotational experiment in the North China Plain with six different fertility treatments: no amendments (CK); standard mineral fertilizer treatment (SMF) or standard organic manure treatment (SMA) reflecting local farmer practice; mixed treatment with fertilizer and manure at half the rates for the SMF and SMA treatments (1/2 SMF + 1/2 SMA); double mineral fertilizer treatment (DMF); and double organic manure treatment (DMA). Soil organic C (SOC), total N (TN), total P (TP), pH, and dissolved organic C (DOC) and N (DON) and microbial biomass C (Cmic) and N (Nmic) were determined using standard methods. Soil bacterial community structure was assessed by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE), and activities for 10 extracellular enzymes (EEAs) were measured as indicators of soil function. Repeated application of either organic manure or mineral fertilizer increased SOC, TN, TP, DOC, DON, Cmic and Nmic, and decreased soil pH. Higher rates of organic manure fertilization significantly affected soil chemical properties compared to the lower rate. Soil bacterial community structure was significantly altered by the long-term fertilization regimes and diversity was significantly higher in the double manure rate treatment relative to mineral fertilizer. The higher urease, alpha-glycosidase, N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase, L-leucine aminopeptidase (involved in N cycling), beta-glucosidase, beta-xylosidase and beta-cellobiosidase (involved in C cycling), and alkaline phosphatase (involved in P cycling) activities for organic manure fertilized soils reflected a higher nutrient cycling capacity compared to mineral fertilized and control plots. Soil bacterial community diversities increased with Cmic and variations in EEAs were strongly correlated with soil DOC availability. Our study has demonstrated that a long-term fertilization strategy can be used to improve soil quality. Clearly, the use of organic fertilizers where available, is a win-win strategy for maintaining soil quality and crop productivity, while ensuring the delivery of soil ecosystem services into the future. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
