High and rising economic costs of biological invasions worldwide
High and rising economic costs of biological invasions worldwide
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DOI：
10.1038/s41586-021-03405-6
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发表时间：
2021-03-31
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Courchamp, Franck
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Diagne, Christophe;Leroy, Boris;Courchamp, Franck
生物入侵是造成生物多样性大幅下降以及社会经济损失和与管理这些入侵相关的货币支出的原因（1，2）。InvaCost数据库使得能够生成可靠、全面、标准化和易于更新的全球生物入侵货币成本综合数据（3）。在这里，我们发现，在过去几十年（1970-2017年）中，入侵的总报告成本最低达到1.288万亿美元（2017年美元），年平均成本为268亿美元。此外，我们估计二零一七年的年平均成本可能达到1，627亿美元。这些成本仍然被严重低估，没有任何减缓的迹象，每十年持续增加三倍。我们表明，记录的成本分布广泛，并且在区域和分类尺度上存在很大差异，损害成本比管理支出高出一个数量级。需要进一步改进记录生物入侵成本的研究方法。尽管如此，我们的研究结果呼吁实施一致的管理行动和国际政策协议，以减少外来入侵物种的负担。
Biological invasions are responsible for substantial biodiversity declines as well as high economic losses to society and monetary expenditures associated with the management of these invasions(1,2). The InvaCost database has enabled the generation of a reliable, comprehensive, standardized and easily updatable synthesis of the monetary costs of biological invasions worldwide(3). Here we found that the total reported costs of invasions reached a minimum of US$1.288 trillion (2017 US dollars) over the past few decades (1970-2017), with an annual mean cost of US$26.8 billion. Moreover, we estimate that the annual mean cost could reach US$162.7 billion in 2017. These costs remain strongly underestimated and do not show any sign of slowing down, exhibiting a consistent threefold increase per decade. We show that the documented costs are widely distributed and have strong gaps at regional and taxonomic scales, with damage costs being an order of magnitude higher than management expenditures. Research approaches that document the costs of biological invasions need to be further improved. Nonetheless, our findings call for the implementation of consistent management actions and international policy agreements that aim to reduce the burden of invasive alien species.