Gender and Impulsivity: Effects on Cue-Induced Alcohol Craving.
Gender and Impulsivity: Effects on Cue-Induced Alcohol Craving.
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DOI：
10.1111/acer.13030
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发表时间：
2016-03
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Devorah E. Yarmush;Linda Manchery;Peter Luehring-Jones;J. Erblich
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文献类型：
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作者：
Devorah E. Yarmush;Linda Manchery;Peter Luehring-Jones;J. Erblich
大量研究表明，特质冲动与酒精使用障碍和其他物质滥用的风险增加有关。一些研究还表明，冲动会增强线索诱导的药物渴望。尽管有相当多的证据表明，在酒精依赖和其他药物使用的个体中，冲动和药物渴望存在性别差异，但很少有研究关注健康的年轻男性和女性中可能存在酒精使用障碍风险的这些过程。本研究的目的是调查冲动和线索诱导的渴望之间的关系，以及可能的性别差异，这些影响健康的年轻人。为此，女性（n = 22）和男性（n = 14）的社会饮酒者，年龄在18至25岁，从城市大学校园招募，完成Barratt冲动量表，并报告他们的酒精渴望之前和之后立即实验室暴露于酒精线索。结果发现，暴露于线索引起酒精的渴望增加，但这些影响并没有性别差异。有趣的是，冲动性和性别的显着相互作用表明，冲动性预测显着更高的线索诱导的渴望在女性，但不是男性。结论：研究结果强调了更好地理解情境因素（例如，暴露于酒精线索）和性格因素（例如，冲动性）作为饮酒动机的潜在贡献者。未来的前瞻性研究是必要的，以确定特定性别的危险因素的发展问题饮酒。
BACKGROUND Numerous studies have demonstrated that trait impulsivity is linked to increased risk of developing alcohol-use disorders and other substance abuse. Impulsivity has also been shown in some studies to potentiate cue-induced drug cravings. Despite considerable evidence of gender differences in impulsivity and drug craving among individuals suffering from alcohol dependence and other drug use, little research has focused on these processes in healthy young men and women who may be at risk for developing alcohol-use disorders. The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between impulsivity and cue-induced craving, as well as possible gender differences in these effects among healthy young adults. METHODS To that end, female (n = 22) and male (n = 14) social drinkers aged 18 to 25, recruited from an urban university campus, completed the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale and reported their alcohol cravings immediately before and after laboratory exposure to alcohol cues. RESULTS Findings indicated that exposure to cues elicited increased alcohol cravings, but these effects did not differ by gender. Interestingly, a significant interaction of impulsivity and gender revealed that impulsivity predicted significantly higher cue-induced cravings in women, but not men. CONCLUSIONS Findings underscore the importance of better understanding the interaction of situational factors (e.g., exposure to alcohol cues) and dispositional factors (e.g., impulsivity) as potential contributors to drinking motivation. Future prospective research is needed to identify gender-specific risk factors for the development of problem drinking.