Spatial attention and neglect: parietal, frontal and cingulate contributions to the mental representation and attentional targeting of salient extrapersonal events.
Spatial attention and neglect: parietal, frontal and cingulate contributions to the mental representation and attentional targeting of salient extrapersonal events.
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DOI：
10.1098/rstb.1999.1003
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发表时间：
1999-07
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
M. Mesulam
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Mesulam
对侧忽视综合征反映了空间注意力的单侧化紊乱。在人类中，左半球主要将注意力转移到对侧半空间且呈反向，而右半球在两个半空间和两个方向上更均匀地分配注意力。由于这种不对称性，严重的对侧忽视几乎只发生在右半球损伤之后。有左侧忽视的患者在心理表征和对左侧的有意识感知中体验到显著性缺失，并且不愿意将定向和探索行为指向左侧。忽视是根据以自我为中心、以客体为中心、以世界为中心和以物体为中心的参照系分布的。被忽视的事件能够继续对行为产生一种隐性影响，这表明注意力过滤发生在内部化表征层面，而非外周感觉输入层面。单侧忽视综合征是由一个大规模的神经认知网络功能障碍引起的，其皮质震中位于后顶叶皮质、额叶眼区和扣带回。这个网络协调空间注意力的各个方面，无论输入或输出的模式如何。它有助于根据其动机显著性编制对自身以外事件的心理表征，并生成“运动策略”，以便注意力焦点能够从一个目标转移到另一个目标。
The syndrome of contralesional neglect reflects a lateralized disruption of spatial attention. In the human, the left hemisphere shifts attention predominantly in the contralateral hemispace and in a contraversive direction whereas the right hemisphere distributes attention more evenly, in both hemispaces and both directions. As a consequence of this asymmetry, severe contralesional neglect occurs almost exclusively after right hemisphere lesions. Patients with left neglect experience a loss of salience in the mental representation and conscious perception of the left side and display a reluctance to direct orientating and exploratory behaviours to the left. Neglect is distributed according to egocentric, allocentric, world-centred, and object-centred frames of reference. Neglected events can continue to exert an implicit influence on behaviour, indicating that the attentional filtering occurs at the level of an internalized representation rather than at the level of peripheral sensory input. The unilateral neglect syndrome is caused by a dysfunction of a large-scale neurocognitive network, the cortical epicentres of which are located in posterior parietal cortex, the frontal eye fields, and the cingulate gyrus. This network coordinates all aspects of spatial attention, regardless of the modality of input or output. It helps to compile a mental representation of extrapersonal events in terms of their motivational salience, and to generate 'kinetic strategies' so that the attentional focus can shift from one target to another.