Intracellular Ca(2+) and K(+) concentration in Brassica oleracea leaf induces differential expression of transporter and stress-related genes.
Intracellular Ca(2+) and K(+) concentration in Brassica oleracea leaf induces differential expression of transporter and stress-related genes.
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DOI：
10.1186/s12864-016-2512-x
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发表时间：
2016-03-09
期刊：
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Kim H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lee J;Kim J;Choi JP;Lee M;Kim MK;Lee YH;Hur Y;Nou IS;Park SU;Min SR;Kim H
卷心菜是芸苔属最重要的成员之一，需要相对较高水平的钙才能正常生长（Plant Cell Environ 7: 397–405, 1984；Plant Physiol 60: 854–856, 1977）。卷心菜叶子局部 Ca2+ 缺乏会导致叶尖烧伤，造成严重的经济损失（Euphytica 9:203–208, 1960；Ann Bot 43:363–372, 1979；Sci Hortic 14:131–138, 1981）。尽管已知尖端烧伤的发生与 Ca2+ 缺乏有关，但有关尖端烧伤的潜在机制或 Ca2+ 与尖端烧伤发生率之间关系的信息有限。为了获得有关尖端烧伤症状的遗传控制的更多信息，我们重点鉴定了甘蓝品系中随着细胞内 Ca2+ 和 K+ 浓度增加而差异表达的基因，这些甘蓝品系来源于易感尖端烧伤、抗尖端烧伤卷心菜 (B. oleracea var. capitata) 和羽衣甘蓝 (B. oleracea var. acephala)。我们比较了易尖烧、抗尖烧卷心菜和羽衣甘蓝三个叶段（叶尖 (LA)、叶中部 (LM) 和叶基部 (LB)）的主要大量营养素阳离子（包括 Ca2+ 和 K+）的水平。羽衣甘蓝中的 Ca2+ 和 K+ 浓度最高，其次是抗尖烧伤卷心菜，然后是易感尖烧伤卷心菜。这些阳离子在 LB 中的积累程度通常比在 LA 中的积累程度要高。转录组分析在三个甘蓝品系的三个叶段中鉴定出 58,096 个基因座作为推定的非冗余基因，并显示基于 Ca2+ 和 K+ 水平的 27,876 个基因座的表达发生显着变化。其中，1844个位点被鉴定为尖端烧伤相关表型特异性基因。根据 GO 注释，抗尖烧卷心菜和羽衣甘蓝特异性基因在很大程度上与胁迫和运输活动相关。与易感尖端烧伤的卷心菜相比，抗尖端烧伤的卷心菜和羽衣甘蓝植物表现出明显的热激、冷冻和干旱胁迫耐受性的表型，证明了细胞内Ca2+和K+浓度与非生物胁迫耐受性与差异基因表达之间的相关性。我们选择了 165 个基因，这些基因响应于三个植物系的三个叶段中 Ca2+ 和 K+ 浓度的增加而上调或下调。基因本体富集分析表明这些基因参与调节代谢过程或应激反应。我们的结果表明，随着甘蓝叶中 Ca2+ 和 K+ 浓度的增加，参与调节代谢过程或应激反应的基因出现差异表达。我们的转录组数据和鉴定的基因可以作为了解植物必需大量营养素缺乏的机制以及卷心菜和其他芸苔属物种的尖端烧伤特征的起点。本文的在线版本 (doi:10.1186/s12864-016-2512-x) 包含补充材料，可供授权用户使用。
One of the most important members of the genus Brassica, cabbage, requires a relatively high level of calcium for normal growth (Plant Cell Environ 7: 397–405, 1984; Plant Physiol 60: 854–856, 1977). Localized Ca2+ deficiency in cabbage leaves causes tip-burn, bringing about serious economic losses (Euphytica 9:203–208, 1960; Ann Bot 43:363–372, 1979; Sci Hortic 14:131–138, 1981). Although it has been known that the occurrence of tip-burn is related to Ca2+ deficiency, there is limited information on the underlying mechanisms of tip-burn or the relationship between Ca2+ and tip-burn incidence. To obtain more information on the genetic control of tip-burn symptoms, we focused on the identification of genes differentially expressed in response to increasing intracellular Ca2+ and K+ concentrations in B. oleracea lines derived from tip-burn susceptible, tip-burn resistant cabbages (B. oleracea var. capitata), and kale (B. oleracea var. acephala). We compared the levels of major macronutrient cations, including Ca2+ and K+, in three leaf segments, the leaf apex (LA), middle of leaf (LM), and leaf base (LB), of tip-burn susceptible, tip-burn resistant cabbages, and kale. Ca2+ and K+ concentrations were highest in kale, followed by tip-burn resistant and then tip-burn susceptible cabbages. These cations generally accumulated to a greater extent in the LB than in the LA. Transcriptome analysis identified 58,096 loci as putative non-redundant genes in the three leaf segments of the three B. oleracea lines and showed significant changes in expression of 27,876 loci based on Ca2+ and K+ levels. Among these, 1844 loci were identified as tip-burn related phenotype-specific genes. Tip-burn resistant cabbage and kale-specific genes were largely related to stress and transport activity based on GO annotation. Tip-burn resistant cabbage and kale plants showed phenotypes clearly indicative of heat-shock, freezing, and drought stress tolerance compared to tip-burn susceptible cabbages, demonstrating a correlation between intracellular Ca2+ and K+ concentrations and tolerance of abiotic stress with differential gene expression. We selected 165 genes that were up- or down-regulated in response to increasing Ca2+ and K+ concentrations in the three leaf segments of the three plant lines. Gene ontology enrichment analysis indicated that these genes participated in regulatory metabolic processes or stress responses. Our results indicate that the genes involved in regulatory metabolic processes or stress responses were differentially expressed in response to increasing Ca2+ and K+ concentrations in the B. oleracea leaf. Our transcriptome data and the genes identified may serve as a starting point for understanding the mechanisms underlying essential macronutrient deficiencies in plants, as well as the features of tip-burn in cabbage and other Brassica species. The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-016-2512-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.