Brain-on-a-chip: Recent advances in design and techniques for microfluidic models of the brain in health and disease
Brain-on-a-chip: Recent advances in design and techniques for microfluidic models of the brain in health and disease
复制标题
芯片上的大脑：健康和疾病中大脑微流体模型设计和技术的最新进展
DOI：
10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121531
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发表时间：
2022-05-06
期刊：
影响因子：
14
通讯作者：
Ashammakhi, Nureddin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Amirifar, Leyla;Shamloo, Amir;Ashammakhi, Nureddin
生物材料、微加工、微流体和细胞生物学的最新进展导致了器官芯片设备的发展，这些设备可以复制各种器官的关键功能。这些平台有望为各种生理事件（包括疾病机制）提供新的见解，并评估外部干预措施（如药物管理）的效果。神经科学领域有望从这些创新工具中受益匪浅。传统的离体神经系统研究受到细胞培养无法充分模拟体内生理的限制。虽然可以使用动物模型，但它们与人体生理学的相关性是不确定的，而且它们的使用是费力的，并与伦理问题有关。迄今为止，器官芯片系统已被开发用于模拟正常和病理生理条件下大脑的不同组织成分，包括具有特定功能的大脑区域和血脑屏障。虽然该领域仍处于起步阶段，但有望在未来对神经生理学、病理学和神经药理学的研究产生重大影响。在这里，我们回顾了在努力刺激下一代大脑芯片设备的发展方面取得的进展和面临的限制。
Recent advances in biomaterials, microfabrication, microfluidics, and cell biology have led to the development of organ-on-a-chip devices that can reproduce key functions of various organs. Such platforms promise to provide novel insights into various physiological events, including mechanisms of disease, and evaluate the effects of external interventions, such as drug administration. The neuroscience field is expected to benefit greatly from these innovative tools. Conventional ex vivo studies of the nervous system have been limited by the inability of cell culture to adequately mimic in vivo physiology. While animal models can be used, their relevance to human physiology is uncertain and their use is laborious and associated with ethical issues. To date, organ-on-a-chip systems have been developed to model different tissue components of the brain, including brain regions with specific functions and the blood brain barrier, both in normal and pathophysiological conditions. While the field is still in its infancy, it is expected to have major impact on studies of neurophysiology, pathology and neuropharmacology in future. Here, we review advances made and limitations faced in an effort to stimulate development of the next generation of brain-on-a-chip devices.