Men, Machines, and Modern Times.
Men, Machines, and Modern Times.
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人、机器和现代。
DOI：
10.2307/2391226
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发表时间：
1967
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
Elting E. Morison
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
B. Barber;Elting E. Morison
一个引人入胜的看看我们如何学会生活在创新和新技术通过历史。人们一直很难适应新技术，因为（也许）车轮的发明者不得不解释，一个手推车可以携带超过一个人。麻省理工学院著名教授写的这本小书？一部经典之作的五十周年纪念版描述了我们如何学习与创新一起生活和工作。Elting Morison认为，用户抵制改变的三个阶段：忽视它;理性反驳;辱骂。他讲述了一个很有说明性的轶事，那就是第二次世界大战期间，尽管枪支现在被拴在卡车上，但士兵们仍然站着稳住马匹。莫里森用一系列有趣的历史叙述来突出他的主题：技术变革的本质和社会对这种变革的反应。他从美国海军在一名军官发现一种更精确的海上射击方式后对创新的抵制开始;继续思考官僚主义，文书工作和卡片文件;触及隆隆座椅，哈姆雷特中的鬼魂和计算机;讲述了19世纪60年代一种新型号蒸汽船的奇怪历史;并描述了贝塞默钢铁工艺的发展。每一个例子都教导了一个关于更深刻和当前问题的教训，即如何组织和管理思想，能量和机械系统，以便它符合人类的维度。
An engaging look at how we have learned to live with innovation and new technologies through history.People have had trouble adapting to new technology ever since (perhaps) the inventor of the wheel had to explain that a wheelbarrow could carry more than a person. This little book by a celebrated MIT professor?the fiftieth anniversary edition of a classic?describes how we learn to live and work with innovation. Elting Morison considers, among other things, the three stages of users' resistance to change: ignoring it; rational rebuttal; and name-calling. He recounts the illustrative anecdote of the World War II artillerymen who stood still to hold the horses despite the fact that the guns were now hitched to trucks?reassuring those of us who have trouble with a new interface or a software upgrade that we are not the first to encounter such problems.Morison offers an entertaining series of historical accounts to highlight his major theme: the nature of technological change and society's reaction to that change. He begins with resistance to innovation in the U.S. Navy following an officer's discovery of a more accurate way to fire a gun at sea; continues with thoughts about bureaucracy, paperwork, and card files; touches on rumble seats, the ghost in Hamlet, and computers; tells the strange history of a new model steamship in the 1860s; and describes the development of the Bessemer steel process. Each instance teaches a lesson about the more profound and current problem of how to organize and manage systems of ideas, energies, and machinery so that it will conform to the human dimension.