Measuring the impact of opening the London shared bicycle scheme to casual users
Measuring the impact of opening the London shared bicycle scheme to casual users
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DOI：
10.1016/j.trc.2011.12.004
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发表时间：
2012-06-01
影响因子：
8.3
通讯作者：
Capra, Licia
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lathia, Neal;Ahmed, Saniul;Capra, Licia
城市地区传感器数据的可用性不断增加，现在为以实证、大规模和非侵入性的方式对交通系统进行持续评估并衡量政策变化的影响提供了机会。在本文中，我们研究了这样一个例子：改变伦敦巴克莱自行车租赁计划中的用户访问政策的影响。当该计划于2010年7月启动时，用户需要申请密钥才能访问该系统。到 2010 年 12 月，该政策被推翻，以允许“临时”使用，以便任何拥有借记卡或信用卡的人都可以访问。虽然交通当局通过出行次数的增加来衡量政策转变的成功，但我们着手调查这一变化如何影响整个城市的系统使用。我们对从该计划网站收集的政策变化前后的数据进行了广泛的分析，展示了如何衡量全球和当地行为的差异，以及政策变化如何与在城市周围观察到的各种影响相关。我们发现，正如预期的那样，更快地访问系统与更高的周末使用率相关；它还强化了工作日的通勤趋势。在变化之前和之后的时期，各个车站的活动地理分布都形成了围绕伦敦市中心的同心圆。然而，随着政策的变化，许多站点的使用发生了彻底的变化，现在表现出与政策变化之前相反的趋势。 (C) 2011 年，爱思唯尔有限公司出版。
The increasing availability of sensor data in urban areas now offers the opportunity to perform continuous evaluations of transport systems and measure the effects of policy changes, in an empirical, large-scale, and non-invasive way. In this paper, we study one such example: the effect of changing the user-access policy in the London Barclays Cycle Hire scheme. When the scheme was launched in July 2010, users were required to apply for a key to access to the system. By December 2010, this policy was overridden in order to allow for "casual" usage, so that anyone in possession of a debit or credit card could gain access. While the transport authority measured the policy shift's success by the increased number of trips, we set out to investigate how the change affected the system's usage throughout the city. We present an extensive analysis of station data collected from the scheme's web site both pre- and post-policy change, showing how differences in both global and local behaviour can be measured, and how the policy change correlates with a variety of effects observed around the city. We find that, as expected, quicker access to the system correlates with greater week end usage; it also reinforces the week-day commuting trend. In both the pre- and post-change periods, the geographic distribution of activity at individual stations forms concentric circles around central London. However, upon policy change, a number of stations undergo a complete usage change, now exhibiting an opposite trend with respect to that which they had prior to the policy change. (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd.