Low contribution of PbO2-coated lead service lines to water lead contamination at the tap.
Low contribution of PbO2-coated lead service lines to water lead contamination at the tap.
复制标题
涂有 PbO2 的铅服务管线对水龙头处的水铅污染影响较小。
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Colin P. White
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Simoni Triantafyllidou;M. Schock;Michael K DeSantis;Colin P. White
为了确定住宅水取样是否证实了在铅服务管线（LSL）上形成稳定的PbO 2涂层提供有效的铅释放控制策略的预期，对美国三个城市（纽波特，罗得岛;辛辛那提和奥克伍德，俄亥俄州）的8个家庭厨房水龙头的铅剖面取样进行了评价，观察到PbO 2涂层LSL。在不同的水静置时间后，这些LSL通常释放的铅峰值水平（1至18微克/升）与相应厨房炉灶的铅水平（1至130微克/升）相似或更低，并且通常比可比的已发表采样研究中铅（II）涂层LSL通常报告的铅水平低50-80%。在辛辛那提研究中心，长时间停滞（10-101 h）产生了不同的结果。一个位点显示PbO 2涂层LSL的铅释放增加极小（0-4 μg/L），并且游离氯残留持续存在。然而，另一个网站显示了高达3倍的增加与静置时间成比例，基本上完全耗尽的氯残留。总体而言，铅的释放始终远低于铅（II）涂层LSL规模的研究报告，表明自然形成的二氧化铅LSL是一种有效的铅“腐蚀”控制策略。
To determine if residential water sampling corroborates the expectation that formation of stable PbO2 coatings on lead service lines (LSLs) provides an effective lead release control strategy, lead profile sampling was evaluated for eight home kitchen taps in three U.S. cities with observed PbO2-coated LSLs (Newport, Rhode Island; Cincinnati and Oakwood, Ohio). After various water standing times, these LSLs typically released similar or lower peak lead levels (1 to 18 μg/L) than the lead levels from the respective kitchen faucets (1 to 130 μg/L), and frequently 50-80% lower than the lead levels typically reported from Pb(II)-coated LSLs in comparable published sampling studies. Prolonged stagnation (10-101 h) at the Cincinnati sites produced varying results. One site showed minimal (0-4 μg/L) increase in lead release from the PbO2-coated LSL, and persistence of free chlorine residual. However, the other site showed up to a 3-fold increase proportional to standing time, with essentially full depletion of the chlorine residual. Overall, lead release was consistently much lower than that reported in studies of Pb(II)-coated LSL scales, suggesting that natural formation of PbO2 in LSLs is an effective lead "corrosion" control strategy.