Factors affecting CO2 emissions from private automobiles in Japan: The impact of vehicle occupancy
Factors affecting CO2 emissions from private automobiles in Japan: The impact of vehicle occupancy
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DOI：
10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.114196
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发表时间：
2020-02
期刊：
影响因子：
11.2
通讯作者：
Hiroto Shiraki;Ken’ichi Matsumoto;Yosuke Shigetomi;T. Ehara;Y. Ochi;Yuki Ogawa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hiroto Shiraki;Ken’ichi Matsumoto;Yosuke Shigetomi;T. Ehara;Y. Ochi;Yuki Ogawa
2016年，道路运输部门占全球二氧化碳排放量的18.8%。区域努力对于减少汽车排放是必不可少的，特别是考虑到区域运输系统的多样性。现有的汽车排放研究主要集中在全国范围内的交通系统或城市规模的差异，而没有考虑区域性和车辆占用的长期变化。在本研究中，我们通过对数平均Divisia指数方法分解了1990年至2015年期间日本全国和地区的汽车排放量。使用了考虑到车辆占用情况的统计数据。结果表明，全国范围内的车辆占有率增加（由于车辆尺寸和车辆拥有量的增加），与1990年相比，排放量增加了15.2%。在人口稠密地区，由于加强了有关空气污染的条例，燃料效率比其他地区更早下降。在包括人口较少的县在内的西日本，微型汽车的日益普及导致汽车拥有量增加和乘坐率下降，但也导致燃油经济性的改善。为了减少汽车的二氧化碳排放量，必须提高燃料效率，并通过拼车和车辆合理尺寸等机制增加车辆占用率。
The road transport sector accounted for 18.8% of global CO2emissions in 2016. Regional efforts are indispensable for reducing automobile emissions, especially considering the diversity in regional transportation systems. Existing studies of automobile emissions have focused on nationwide transportation systems or differences in city size without considering regionality and long-term changes in vehicle occupancy. In this study, we decomposed national and regional automobile emissions in Japan between 1990 and 2015 by the Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index method. Statistical data that took vehicle occupancy into account were used. Results showed that nationwide vehicle occupancy increased (due to increased vehicle size and vehicle ownership), which increased emissions by 15.2% compared to 1990 levels. In highly populated regions, fuel efficiency decreased earlier than other regions thanks to the strengthening of ordinances regarding air pollution. In Western Japan, which includes less-populated prefectures, the rising popularity of mini-vehicles resulted in increased vehicle ownership and a decrease in occupancy but also led to improvements in fuel economy. To reduce automobile CO2emissions, it will be essential to improve fuel efficiency and to increase vehicle occupancy through mechanisms, such as ridesharing and vehicle right sizing.