Mitochondrial dynamics and morphology in beta-cells.
Mitochondrial dynamics and morphology in beta-cells.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.beem.2012.05.004
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发表时间：
2012-12
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Shirihai OS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Stiles L;Shirihai OS
线粒体动力学有助于线粒体形状的调节以及各种线粒体功能和质量控制。由于线粒体在调节β细胞胰岛素分泌功能中发挥着关键作用，因此β细胞对此特别感兴趣。此外，线粒体功能障碍被认为会导致 2 型糖尿病的发生。改变线粒体融合和裂变平衡的遗传工具会导致β细胞功能和活力的改变。此外，诱导 β 细胞功能障碍的条件（例如暴露于高营养环境）会破坏线粒体形态和动力学。虽然已经表明线粒体在糖尿病患者和动物模型的胰岛中表现出破碎的形态，但其背后的机制目前尚不清楚。在这里，我们回顾了有关β细胞线粒体形态和动力学的最新文献，以及该领域一些尚未解答的问题。
Mitochondrial dynamics contribute to the regulation of mitochondrial shape as well as various mitochondrial functions and quality control. This is of particular interest in the beta-cell because of the key role mitochondria play in the regulation of beta-cell insulin secretion function. Moreover, mitochondrial dysfunction has been suggested to contribute to the development of Type 2 Diabetes. Genetic tools that shift the balance of mitochondrial fusion and fission result in alterations to beta-cell function and viability. Additionally, conditions that induce beta-cell dysfunction, such as exposure to a high nutrient environment, disrupt mitochondrial morphology and dynamics. While it has been shown that mitochondria display a fragmented morphology in islets of diabetic patients and animal models, the mechanism behind this is currently unknown. Here, we review the current literature on mitochondrial morphology and dynamics in the beta-cell as well as some of the unanswered question in this field.
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