Reaction in liquid ammonia.
Reaction in liquid ammonia.
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DOI：
10.1021/ja01985a002
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发表时间：
1905-07-01
影响因子：
15
通讯作者：
Franklin, EC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Franklin, EC
作者和他的同事在以前的论文中强调了液氨和水的一般性质之间惊人的相似之处。在溶剂中，水的特点是高沸点，高比热，高挥发热和熔化热，高临界温度和高压力，在液体条件下的高缔合性，高介电常数，低沸点沸腾常数，作为结晶水与盐结合的能力，广泛的溶剂力，以及除氢氰酸外，它是已知最强的电离溶剂。盐的水溶液通常也是很好的导电体。在所有众所周知的溶剂中，氨在所有这些性质上最接近水，这使后者在溶剂中具有独特的地位。尽管液态氨的沸点为零下33.6度，但与甲烷、乙烯、硫化氢、磷化氢、砷、盐酸等物质的沸点相比，仍显得异常高。
The striking parallelism between the general properties ofliquid ammonia and water has been emphasized by the writer and his co-workers in previous papers. 2 Water, among solvents, is characterized by its high boiling-point, its high specific heat, its high heat of volatilization and heat of fusion, its high critical temperature and pressure, its high association in the liquid con-dition, its high dielectric constant, by its low boiling-point ele-vation constant, by its power to unite with salts as water of crys-tallization, by its wide solvent power, and by the fact that, with the possible exceptionof hydrocyanic acid, it is the most powerful ionizing solvent known. Aqueous solutions of salts are also, generally excellent conductors of electricity. Of all well-known solvents ammonia most closely approaches water in all those properties, which give to the latter its unique position among solvents. While the boiling-point of liquid am-monia is 33.6 o below zero, it still appears abnormally highwhen compared with the boiling-pointsof such substances as methane, ethylene, hydrogen sulphide, phosphine, arsine, hydrochloric acid,