Copepod sensitivity to flow fields: detection by copepods of predatory ctenophores
Copepod sensitivity to flow fields: detection by copepods of predatory ctenophores
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桡足类对流场的敏感性：捕食性栉水母的桡足类检测
DOI：
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发表时间：
2006
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
E. Buskey
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Waggett;E. Buskey
桡足类具有机械感受能力，可以探测到由接近的捕食者产生的速度梯度，并能够在毫秒内对这些捕食者做出反应。栉水母产生一种低速的摄食流，以携带缓慢游动和不动的猎物。由于科普荚物种对水动力扰动的敏感性各不相同，因此物种区分产生流动的栉水母与周围流体的能力可能不同。本文报道了栉水母拟线蚌（Mnemiopsis leidyi）与松真哲水蚤（Acartiatonsa）、小拟哲水蚤（Paracalanusparvus）和陀螺拟哲水蚤（Temora turbinata）等3种桡足类之间的捕食-被捕食关系。虽然A. tonsa对水动力扰动更为敏感，T.陀螺虫在逃脱栉水母捕食者方面最为成功。T. turbinata进入栉水母的内叶区域（捕获表面）的数量显著少于A。扁桃体或P. parvus，能够更好地逃避与内叶的相遇和接触。这些结果表明，速度梯度的敏感性可能只发挥了很小的作用，在确定逃生成功和间歇性游泳模式可能会增加敏感性捕获流生成捕食者。
Copepods have the mechanoreceptive abilities to detect velocity gradients generated by approaching predators and the ability to respond to these predators within milliseconds. Ctenophores produce a low-velocity feeding current to entrain slow-swimming and non-motile prey. Since cope- pod species vary in their sensitivity to hydrodynamic disturbances, it is possible that species will dif- fer in their ability to distinguish flow-generating ctenophores from the surrounding fluid. Predator- prey interactions were recorded between the ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi and 3 copepod species, Acartia tonsa, Paracalanus parvus and Temora turbinata. Although A. tonsa is more sensitive to hydrodynamic disturbances, T. turbinata was most successful in escaping the ctenophore predator. T. turbinata entered the inner lobe area (capture surfaces) of the ctenophore significantly less than either A. tonsa or P. parvus and were better able to escape both encounters and contacts with the inner lobes. These results suggest that sensitivity to velocity gradients may play only a minor role in determining escape success and an intermittent swimming pattern may increase susceptibility to capture by flow-generating predators.