Putting synthesis into biology: a viral view of genetic engineering through de novo gene and genome synthesis.

Putting synthesis into biology: a viral view of genetic engineering through de novo gene and genome synthesis.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.chembiol.2009.03.002
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发表时间:
2009-03-27
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Wimmer E
Wimmer E
中科院分区:
生物1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Mueller S;Coleman JR;Wimmer E

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DNA合成技术的快速进步有可能在不久的将来给生物科学带来革命性的变化。传统的基因工程方法依赖于模板,并广泛但费力地利用定点突变来探索微小变异对现有序列“主题”的影响。从头开始基因和基因组合成使研究人员从预先存在的模板的限制中解放出来,并允许合理设计任何可以想象到的新序列主题。病毒是最简单的复制实体之一,自分子生物学诞生以来,一直处于先进生物科学的前沿。病毒基因组,特别是RNA病毒的基因组相对较短,通常不到10,000个碱基长,这使得它们适合用目前可用的技术进行全基因组合成。出于这个原因,病毒再次成为合成生物学领域的领头羊--无论是好是坏。
The rapid improvements in DNA synthesis technology hold the potential to revolutionize biosciences in the near future. Traditional genetic engineering methods are template dependent and make extensive but laborious use of site-directed mutagenesis to explore the impact of small variations on an existing sequence “theme.” De novo gene and genome synthesis frees the investigator from the restrictions of the pre-existing template and allows for the rational design of any conceivable new sequence theme. Viruses, being among the simplest replicating entities, have been at the forefront of the advancing biosciences since the dawn of molecular biology. Viral genomes, especially those of RNA viruses, are relatively short, often less than 10,000 bases long, making them amenable to whole genome synthesis with the currently available technology. For this reason viruses are once again poised to lead the way in the budding field of synthetic biology—for better or worse.
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