Thermal performance of shelter modelling: Improvement of temporary structures
Thermal performance of shelter modelling: Improvement of temporary structures
复制标题
避难所模型的热性能：临时结构的改进
DOI：
10.1016/j.enbuild.2014.12.035
复制
发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
V. Virgo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sophie Obyn;G. V. Moeseke;V. Virgo
在紧急情况下，重要的是提供庇护所，以保护民众和支持他们免受环境的影响，并给予他们一些隐私。不幸的是，人道主义背景下通常使用的帐篷不能确保居住者的舒适条件。此外，由于应急营地的规模非常大，冬季燃料的摄入成为一个重大的后勤挑战，必须改善应急住所的热性能，以（1）提高室内舒适度，（2）减少燃料/木材消耗和对自然资源的相关压力。针对在考虑织物的透气性、透光性和多层结构（多层帐篷）的叠瓦性等因素的情况下，难以建立符合实际的轻型结构热模型的问题，基于面向建筑的Energy+热仿真模型，建立了IFRC/ICRC/UNHCR标准家庭帐篷的热模型。该模型的校准和验证，通过比较模拟结果内的situmeasurements实现在BBRI设施在比利时，布基纳法索和卢森堡。该模型提供了客观的评估，该住房的性能，任何给定的背景和气候暴露，夜间过冷现象除外。
In emergency situations, it is important to provide shelters to protect the population and the support against their environment and to give them some privacy. Unfortunately, tents commonly used in humanitarian context do not ensure comfortable conditions for the occupants. Furthermore, given the very large scale of emergency camps, the intake of fuel in winter condition turns into a major logistical challenge.It is crucial to improve the thermal performance of emergency shelters to (1) increase their indoor comfort and (2) reduce their fuel/wood consumption and related pressure on natural resources. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the difficulties in achieving a realistic thermal model of lightweight structures, taking into account the air permeability of fabrics, their light transmission and the imbrication of several elements (multi-layered shelter).Such a model of the IFRC/ICRC/UNHCR standard family tent is created, based on the building oriented Energy+ thermal simulation model. This model is calibrated and validated by comparing simulation results within situmeasurements realised in the BBRI facility in Belgium, in Burkina Faso and in Luxembourg. This model provides objective assessment of the performance of that shelter for any given context and climate exposure except for night overcooling phenomenon.