Measurement of household food security in the USA and other industrialised countries
Measurement of household food security in the USA and other industrialised countries
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DOI：
10.1079/phn2002385
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发表时间：
2002-12-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Radimer, KL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Radimer, KL
目的：描述家庭粮食安全衡量的历史和现状。结论：在 20 世纪 80 年代，饥饿水平上升的证据引起了许多美国人的关注，但也遭到了一些美国人的质疑。由于缺乏公认的饥饿定义和衡量标准，对饥饿的认识和量化受到阻碍。康奈尔大学的定性研究提供了饥饿的概念框架、描述、定义和调查项目。社区儿童饥饿识别项目开发了一种在许多社区使用的工具。基于这些举措，现已存在广泛接受的饥饿和粮食不安全定义以及用于衡量其的美国家庭粮食安全模块。该模块将家庭分为粮食安全家庭、粮食不安全家庭、无饥饿家庭或中度或重度饥饿家庭，并包含家庭、成人和儿童参考项目。自 1995 年以来，它被纳入当前人口调查 (CPS)，每年都会对粮食不安全状况进行估计。该模块的六项简短形式适用于时间紧迫的调查，仅将家庭分类为粮食安全或粮食不安全，没有或有饥饿，并且不包含针对儿童的项目。使用 18 项或简短模块的调查可以将结果与 CPS 公布的国家数据进行比较。有关该模块的信息请访问 http://www.ers.usda。 gov/briefing/foodsecurity 和 http://www.fns.usda/fsec。目前关于粮食安全测量的研究包括个人粮食不安全和饥饿的测量、关于饥饿持续时间和频率的模块绩效、模块在人口亚组中的绩效以及翻译对模块含义和绩效的影响。加拿大、新西兰和澳大利亚的国家调查也衡量了粮食安全。
Objective: To describe the history and current status of household food security measurement.Conclusions: In the 1980s evidence of rising levels of hunger was a concern for many, but disputed by some, Americans. Acknowledgement and quantification of hunger was hindered by the lack of an accepted definition and measure of hunger. Qualitative research at Cornell provided a conceptual framework, description, definition and survey items for hunger. The Community Childhood Hunger Identification Project developed an instrument used in numerous communities. Based upon these initiatives, widely accepted definitions of hunger and food insecurity, and the US Household Food Security Module for its measurement, now exist. The module classifies households as food-secure, or food-insecure without hunger or with moderate or severe hunger, and contains household-, adult- and child-referent items. Its inclusion in the Current Population Survey (CPS) since 1995 has yielded annual estimates of food insecurity. A six-item short form of the module, for surveys with severe time constraints, classifies households only as food-secure or food-insecure without or with hunger and contains no child-specific items. Surveys using the 18-item or short-form module can compare results with published national data from the CPS. Information about the module is available at http://www.ers.usda. gov/briefing/foodsecurity and http://www.fns.usda/fsec. Current research on food security measurement includes measurement of individual food insecurity and hunger, module performance regarding hunger duration and frequency, performance of the module in population sub-groups, and the effect of translations on module meaning and performance. National surveys in Canada, New Zealand and Australia also have measured food security.