Underestimating the Alcohol Content of a Glass of Wine: The Implications for Estimates of Mortality Risk
Underestimating the Alcohol Content of a Glass of Wine: The Implications for Estimates of Mortality Risk
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DOI：
10.1093/alcalc/agw027
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发表时间：
2016-09-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Bell, Steven
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Britton, Annie;O'Neill, Darragh;Bell, Steven
在过去的25年里，英国酒杯的大小和酒的浓度的增加很可能导致了人口研究中对酒精摄入量的低估。我们探讨这种可能的错误分类是否会影响平均酒精摄入量与各种原因、心血管疾病和癌症死亡风险之间的关系。在白厅II号英国公务员队列中，有7010名男性和女性在1997-1999年间自我报告的饮酒量与死亡风险有关，直到2015年中期。换算系数为每杯8克酒精（1单位），换算系数为每杯16克酒精（2单位）。当对葡萄酒消费采用更高的酒精含量换算时，男性重度/极重度饮酒者的比例从28%增加到41%，女性从15%增加到28%。与适度饮酒相比，在改变葡萄酒转换前后，因各种原因和癌症导致的死亡风险显著增加；然而，当使用较高的葡萄酒转化率时，风险比降低了。在这项以人群为基础的研究中，假设酒杯中的酒精含量较高会改变对死亡风险的估计。我们建议研究者主导的队列需要基于酒杯中酒精含量更准确的估计来重新审视转换因子。未来，研究人员需要收集更多关于酒精的详细信息，包括份量和强度。在人口调查中，酒杯中的酒精含量很可能被低估了，因为近年来葡萄酒的浓度和份量都有所增加。我们证明，在一项大型队列研究中，这种低估影响了死亡风险的估计。研究者领导的队列需要根据酒杯中酒精含量的更准确估计重新审视转换因子。
Increases in glass sizes and wine strength over the last 25 years in the UK are likely to have led to an underestimation of alcohol intake in population studies. We explore whether this probable misclassification affects the association between average alcohol intake and risk of mortality from all causes, cardiovascular disease and cancer.Self-reported alcohol consumption in 1997-1999 among 7010 men and women in the Whitehall II cohort of British civil servants was linked to the risk of mortality until mid-2015. A conversion factor of 8 g of alcohol per wine glass (1 unit) was compared with a conversion of 16 g per wine glass (2 units).When applying a higher alcohol content conversion for wine consumption, the proportion of heavy/very heavy drinkers increased from 28% to 41% for men and 15% to 28% for women. There was a significantly increased risk of very heavy drinking compared with moderate drinking for deaths from all causes and cancer before and after change in wine conversion; however, the hazard ratios were reduced when a higher wine conversion was used.In this population-based study, assuming higher alcohol content in wine glasses changed the estimates of mortality risk. We propose that investigator-led cohorts need to revisit conversion factors based on more accurate estimates of alcohol content in wine glasses. Prospectively, researchers need to collect more detailed information on alcohol including serving sizes and strength.The alcohol content in a wine glass is likely to be underestimated in population surveys as wine strength and serving size have increased in recent years. We demonstrate that in a large cohort study, this underestimation affects estimates of mortality risk. Investigator-led cohorts need to revisit conversion factors based on more accurate estimates of alcohol content in wine glasses.