DECREASED RESPONSE TO NOVEL STIMULI AFTER PREFRONTAL LESIONS IN MAN
DECREASED RESPONSE TO NOVEL STIMULI AFTER PREFRONTAL LESIONS IN MAN
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DOI：
10.1016/0168-5597(84)90016-9
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发表时间：
1984-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
KNIGHT, RT
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
KNIGHT, RT
研究了前额叶皮质对两种P300活动的产生和调节所起的作用。对照受试者对检测到的目标刺激产生典型的顶叶最大P300反应。向对照受试者呈现意外的、新颖的听觉刺激会产生潜伏期更早、额中央分布的P300反应。对意外的、新颖的视觉刺激也会产生类似的潜伏期更早、额中央的P300反应。这种现象在听觉和视觉两种模态中均出现，表明它可能反映了参与定向反应的中枢神经系统共同系统的神经活动。单侧前额叶受损的受试者对目标刺激产生的P300复合波与对照反应无差异。前额叶受损导致对意外新颖刺激的P300反应出现特定缺陷。前额叶患者既没有N200增强，也没有像对照受试者那样对新颖刺激产生额中央P300反应。前额叶区域对机体对意外新颖刺激的反应至关重要。感觉 - 边缘系统整合的前额叶控制异常可能是这些单侧前额叶损伤患者对新颖刺激的P300降低的关键因素。人类额叶综合征的主要特征可能是由于前额叶受损后生理上无法控制注意力和定向系统所致。
The contribution of prefrontal cortex to the generation and modulation of 2 varieties of P300 activity was studied. Control subjects generated typical parietal maximal P300 responses to detected target stimuli. Unexpected, novel auditory stimuli presented to controls generated an earlier latency, fronto-centrally distributed P300 response. A similar earlier latency, fronto-central P300 is generated to unexpected, novel visual stimuli. The occurrence of this phenomenon in both the auditory and visual modalities suggests that it may reflect neural activity of a common CNS system involved in the orienting response. Subjects with unilateral prefrontal damage generated P300 complexes to target stimuli that did not differ from the control responses. Prefrontal damage resulted in a specific defect in the P300 response to the unexpected novel stimulus. Prefrontal patients showed neither N200 enhancement nor the fronto-central P300 response to the novel stimulus that was found in control subjects. Prefrontal regions are critical for the organism''s response to unexpected novel stimuli. Abnormalities in prefrontal control of sensory-limbic integration may be a critical element in the decreased P300 to novel stimuli found in these unilateral prefrontal lesioned patients. Major features of the human frontal lobe syndrome may be explained by a physiological inability to control attention and orientation systems after prefrontal damage.