Hypothalamic control of brown adipose tissue thermogenesis.
Hypothalamic control of brown adipose tissue thermogenesis.
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DOI：
10.3389/fnsys.2015.00150
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Richard D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Labbé SM;Caron A;Lanfray D;Monge-Rofarello B;Bartness TJ;Richard D
很大程度上从动物研究中早已知道，棕色脂肪组织（BAT）产热的控制是由中枢神经系统（CNS）保证的，中枢神经系统（CNS）整合几种刺激以通过交感神经系统（SNS）控制BAT激活。SNS介导的BAT活性由在参与稳态调节的脑结构中发现的不同神经元支配，并且其活性由包括能量通量振荡的各种因素调节。这些神经元的表征一直是一个具有挑战性的问题。现有文献表明，控制BAT产热的神经元回路主要是涉及下丘脑、脑干和SNS传出神经元的自主回路的一部分。本文就下丘脑对BAT代谢的调控作一综述。我们简要地讨论了温度调节途径的作用及其与能量平衡系统的相互作用，在控制产热。我们还审查了参与大脑黑素皮质素和内源性大麻素系统，以及新出现的作用，类固醇生成因子1（SF1）神经元BAT产热。最后，我们研究了这些系统和调节其活动的稳态因子之间存在的联系。
It has long been known, in large part from animal studies, that the control of brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenesis is insured by the central nervous system (CNS), which integrates several stimuli in order to control BAT activation through the sympathetic nervous system (SNS). SNS-mediated BAT activity is governed by diverse neurons found in brain structures involved in homeostatic regulations and whose activity is modulated by various factors including oscillations of energy fluxes. The characterization of these neurons has always represented a challenging issue. The available literature suggests that the neuronal circuits controlling BAT thermogenesis are largely part of an autonomic circuitry involving the hypothalamus, brainstem and the SNS efferent neurons. In the present review, we recapitulate the latest progresses in regards to the hypothalamic regulation of BAT metabolism. We briefly addressed the role of the thermoregulatory pathway and its interactions with the energy balance systems in the control of thermogenesis. We also reviewed the involvement of the brain melanocortin and endocannabinoid systems as well as the emerging role of steroidogenic factor 1 (SF1) neurons in BAT thermogenesis. Finally, we examined the link existing between these systems and the homeostatic factors that modulate their activities.