Enhanced Fine-Form Perception Does Not Contribute to Gestalt Face Perception in Autism Spectrum Disorder.
Enhanced Fine-Form Perception Does Not Contribute to Gestalt Face Perception in Autism Spectrum Disorder.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0170239
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Tobimatsu S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yamasaki T;Maekawa T;Miyanaga Y;Takahashi K;Takamiya N;Ogata K;Tobimatsu S
自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）患者在处理细节方面表现出上级表现，但通常表现出完形面孔知觉受损。从初级视皮层（V1）到梭状回（V4）的腹侧视觉流在形状（包括面孔）和颜色感知中起着重要作用。本研究的目的是探讨腹侧流是如何在ASD功能上改变的。在高功能ASD成人（n = 14）和典型发育（TD）成人（n = 14）中记录视觉诱发电位。我们使用了三种类型的视觉刺激如下：等亮度彩色（红色/绿色，RG）光栅，高对比度消色差（黑色/白色，BW）光栅与高空间频率（HSF，5.3周期/度），和面部（中性，快乐，愤怒的脸）刺激。与TD对照组相比，ASD成人RG的N1潜伏期较长，BW的N1潜伏期较短，面部刺激的P1潜伏期较短，但N170潜伏期延长。此外，P1和N170之间或BW的N1和N170之间的延迟的较大差异（即，在ASD成人中观察到V1和V4之间的皮质-皮质传导时间延长。这些研究结果表明，ASD成年人有增强的精细形式（本地HSF）的处理，但受损的颜色处理在V1。此外，他们表现出受损的完形面孔处理，由于赤字的多个本地HSF面部信息在V4的整合。因此，腹侧流功能的改变可能有助于ASD的异常社会处理。
Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) show superior performance in processing fine detail, but often exhibit impaired gestalt face perception. The ventral visual stream from the primary visual cortex (V1) to the fusiform gyrus (V4) plays an important role in form (including faces) and color perception. The aim of this study was to investigate how the ventral stream is functionally altered in ASD. Visual evoked potentials were recorded in high-functioning ASD adults (n = 14) and typically developing (TD) adults (n = 14). We used three types of visual stimuli as follows: isoluminant chromatic (red/green, RG) gratings, high-contrast achromatic (black/white, BW) gratings with high spatial frequency (HSF, 5.3 cycles/degree), and face (neutral, happy, and angry faces) stimuli. Compared with TD controls, ASD adults exhibited longer N1 latency for RG, shorter N1 latency for BW, and shorter P1 latency, but prolonged N170 latency, for face stimuli. Moreover, a greater difference in latency between P1 and N170, or between N1 for BW and N170 (i.e., the prolongation of cortico-cortical conduction time between V1 and V4) was observed in ASD adults. These findings indicate that ASD adults have enhanced fine-form (local HSF) processing, but impaired color processing at V1. In addition, they exhibit impaired gestalt face processing due to deficits in integration of multiple local HSF facial information at V4. Thus, altered ventral stream function may contribute to abnormal social processing in ASD.