Effect of Evaporating Sea Spray on Heat Fluxes in a Marine Atmospheric Boundary Layer
Effect of Evaporating Sea Spray on Heat Fluxes in a Marine Atmospheric Boundary Layer
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DOI：
10.1175/jpo-d-18-0240.1
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发表时间：
2019-07
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Y. Rastigejev;S. Suslov
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Y. Rastigejev;S. Suslov
本文详细分析了不同液滴大小、温度、湿度垂直分布和湍流强度对海洋大气边界层垂直潜热通量和感热通量的影响。对于我们的分析，我们采用了在我们以前的工作中开发的双温度非平衡MABL模型。得到的解析解和数值解表明，大液滴的存在显著增强了潜热通量和总热通量，这是由于大液滴会产生较大的水汽和气温垂直梯度。然而，小液滴并不显著地改变总热流，而是将能量重新分配到感热分量和潜热分量之间。研究表明，蒸发喷雾主要通过改变空气-喷雾混合物质量密度的垂直分布来机械地影响湍流动能（从而影响垂直湍流输送的强度），而不是通过改变空气温度和湿度的垂直分布来热力学地影响湍流动能。此外，我们发现热通量的垂直剖面在很大范围的定义参数下近似自相似，即可以近似地缩放为温度、湿度和湍流强度的大范围垂直分布的参考热剖面。得到了受喷雾影响的垂直热流的解析表达式，可以快速有效地进行计算。这将允许未来构建计算效率高的喷雾和精确的参数化，用于全球天气预报模型。
A detailed analysis of the evaporating ocean spray effect on the vertical latent and sensible heat fluxes in a marine atmospheric boundary layer (MABL) for different droplet sizes, vertical distributions of air temperature, humidity, and turbulent intensity is presented. For our analysis we have employed a two-temperature nonequilibrium MABL model developed in our previous work. The obtained analytical and numerical solutions show that the latent and total heat fluxes are significantly enhanced by large droplets because these droplets produce steep vertical gradients of moisture and air temperature in a MABL. Small droplets, however, do not noticeably change the total heat flux but rather redistribute the energy between its sensible and latent components. It has been shown that evaporating spray affects the turbulent kinetic energy (thus the intensity of the vertical turbulent transport) mostly mechanically by altering the vertical distribution of the mass density of the air–spray mixture rather than thermodynamically by changing vertical profiles of the air temperature and moisture. Furthermore, we have found that the vertical profiles of heat fluxes are approximately self-similar for a wide range of defining parameters, that is, can be approximately scaled to a reference heat profile for a wide range of vertical distributions of the temperature, humidity, and turbulence intensity. The obtained analytical expressions for the vertical heat fluxes affected by the spray presence enable their quick and efficient calculations. This will allow for the future construction of a computationally efficient spray and accurate parameterization to be used in global weather prediction models.