A cluster of pathogenic mutations in the 3'-5' exonuclease domain of DNA polymerase gamma defines a novel module coupling DNA synthesis and degradation.

A cluster of pathogenic mutations in the 3'-5' exonuclease domain of DNA polymerase gamma defines a novel module coupling DNA synthesis and degradation.
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DNA 聚合酶 γ 的 3-5 核酸外切酶结构域中的一组致病性突变定义了一个耦合 DNA 合成和降解的新模块。

DOI:
10.1093/hmg/ddq267
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发表时间:
2010
影响因子:
3.5
通讯作者:
F. Foury
F. Foury
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Karolina Szczepanowska;F. Foury

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线粒体内唯一的复制酶DNA聚合酶γ(Polg)的突变导致了人类广泛而复杂的疾病。我们已经使用酵母polg的Mip1作为模型酶来表征六种致病polg突变。四个突变聚集在高度保守的3‘-5’核酸外切酶模块中,定位于DNA结合通道中聚合酶结构域附近。它们导致酵母细胞中点突变的频率增加和线粒体DNA(MtDNA)的高度不稳定,并且出人意料的是,对于核酸外切酶区域的突变体突变,它们有利于核酸外切而不是聚合。这一特征与DNA结合亲和力高度降低和DNA合成缓慢有关。我们的数据首次表明Polg的3‘-5’核酸外切酶模块在聚合酶和核酸外切酶功能的协调中起着至关重要的作用,他们强烈表明,在患者中,这种疾病不是由校对缺陷引起的,而是由于DNA合成和降解之间的严重失衡而导致的mtDNA复制不良所致。
Mutations in DNA polymerase gamma (pol g), the unique replicase inside mitochondria, cause a broad and complex spectrum of diseases in human. We have used Mip1, the yeast pol g, as a model enzyme to characterize six pathogenic pol g mutations. Four mutations clustered in a highly conserved 3'-5' exonuclease module are localized in the DNA-binding channel in close vicinity to the polymerase domain. They result in an increased frequency of point mutations and high instability of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in yeast cells, and unexpectedly for mutator mutations in the exonuclease domain, they favour exonucleolysis versus polymerization. This trait is associated with highly decreased DNA-binding affinity and poorly processive DNA synthesis. Our data show for the first time that a 3'-5' exonuclease module of pol g plays a crucial role in the coordination of the polymerase and exonuclease functions and they strongly suggest that in patients the disease is not caused by defective proofreading but results from poor mtDNA replication generated by a severe imbalance between DNA synthesis and degradation.
mip1 含有与线粒体疾病相关的突变,会导致酿酒酵母中 mtDNA 的突变和耗竭。
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