Superhydrophobic surface immobilisation by insoluble surfactant

Superhydrophobic surface immobilisation by insoluble surfactant
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不溶性表面活性剂的超疏水表面固定化

DOI:
10.1017/jfm.2022.677
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发表时间:
2022
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
Mayer M
Mayer M
中科院分区:
工程技术2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Mayer M

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研究了满足朗缪尔状态方程的不溶性表面活性剂对具有平坦弯月面的单向凹槽的超疏水表面上的横向斯托克斯流的影响。表面固定现象是人们主要关注的问题,表面活性剂通过表面活性剂使部分或全部卡西态弯液面变成有效的防滑区,从而降低表面的滑移性能。该研究采用了分析和数值相结合的方法,可以探索表面活性剂对整个表面佩克莱特数、马兰戈尼数和表面活性剂负载量的影响。对于小表面佩克莱特数和马兰戈尼数,微扰理论用于获得对工作物理机制的基本了解。该分析还提供了对稳健数值方案的检查,该数值方案围绕问题的复杂变量公式构建,用于计算各种无量纲参数值的解决方案。发现两种不同的机制负责表面固定。第一种情况最常见于较高的表面佩克莱数,由于扫过的表面活性剂在弯月面的任何部分达到最大填充之前固定了弯月面的一部分,因此形成了停滞帽。即使对于线性状态方程也存在这样的上限,并且随着马兰戈尼数的增加而长度增加。第二种固定机制与非线性状态方程相关:由于表面活性剂浓度在弯液面下游边缘附近达到最大值,因此形成固定区域。只要系统中有足够的表面活性剂,即使马兰戈尼数很小,后一种形式的固定化也可以在低得多的表面佩克莱特数下发生。该研究增强了对不溶性表面活性剂如何降低超疏水表面滑爽性的理解。
The effects of insoluble surfactants, satisfying a Langmuir equation of state, on transverse Stokes flow over a superhydrophobic surface of unidirectional grooves with flat menisci are examined. The phenomenon of surface immobilisation, whereby surfactants cause part or all of the Cassie-state menisci to become effectively no-slip zones thereby degrading the slip properties of the surface, is of primary interest. The study employs a combined analytical and numerical approach allowing an exploration of surfactant effects over the full range of surface Péclet numbers, Marangoni numbers and surfactant loads. For small surface Péclet and Marangoni numbers, perturbation theory is used to gain basic insights into the physical mechanisms at work. That analysis also provides checks on a robust numerical scheme, built around a complex variable formulation of the problem, used to compute solutions across a wide range of non-dimensional parameter values. Two distinct mechanisms are found to be responsible for surface immobilisation. In the first, most commonly seen at higher surface Péclet numbers, a stagnant cap forms because swept surfactant immobilises a section of the meniscus before any portion of the meniscus reaches maximum packing. Such a cap exists even for a linear equation of state and grows in length with increasing Marangoni number. A second immobilisation mechanism is associated with the nonlinear equation of state: an immobilised region forms because the surfactant concentration reaches its maximum value near the downstream edge of the meniscus. Immobilisation of the latter form can occur at much lower surface Péclet numbers, even if the Marangoni number is small, as long as there is sufficient surfactant in the system. The study enhances understanding of how insoluble surfactants can degrade slip over superhydrophobic surfaces.
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